Ch. 1 - Intro to Clin

Question 1

What are the 2 major divisions of clinical therapy?

Answer 1

Assessment & treatment

Question 2

What does assessment entail?

Answer 2

1. Finding out the story

2. Framing it in a useful way

Question 3

Talk about some of the 9 misconceptions of clinical psych

Answer 3

-You don’t have to like your therapist for therapy to be effective
o TRUE, but you need to have some sort of rapport, especially in the beginning
It is more effective if you use “tough love” methods
-A therapist can “fix” my child later on
o FALSE, you cannot just work with the child; the parent Is actually going to have the most impact on the child.
-Anyone can change in therapy
o FALSE, I don’t think everyone can, not everyone is ready, inappropriate in certain cases.
-If you have a PhD in psychology, you can call yourself a “psychologist”
o FALSE, can only call yourself a psychologist if you have a license and a clinical degree
-It’s all about your childhood
-If you’re with someone with a license in psychology, they’re always analyzing you
-Therapists might make you do things against your will
o NOPE, that is very unethical
-It’s better to see a psychiatrist because they are a “real doctor”
o They have different strengths but they are not necessarily better

Question 4

What 5 roles do clinical psychologists have?

Answer 4

1. Formal assessment
2. Conduct psychotherapy
3. Conduct research
4. Consult
5. Educate

Question 5

What is the most popular profession for a clinical psychologist?

Answer 5

Private practice (50%) - Very few do research

Question 6

While private practices can be lucrative you need to…(2)

Answer 6

promote yourself in your community and maybe work long hours

Question 7

Academic careers are unique and have a wide range of salary based on…(4)

Answer 7

Seniority
Bringing in grant $
Published in journals
Size of the school

Question 8

Who was the first to used clinical psychology and what was it originally defined as being similar to?

Answer 8

Lightner Witmer

- medicine, education, and sociology

Question 9

Since growing, clinical psychology has becomes a very…

Answer 9

broad & hard to define field

Question 10

Brief definitions emphasize

Answer 10

• The study
• The assessment
• Treatment of people with psychological problems

Question 11

What are the 5 commonalities among most training programs?

Answer 11

o	Doctoral degree
o	Most enter with bachelor’s, some with master’s degree
o	Required coursework
o	Thesis/dissertation
o	Pre-doctoral internship

Question 12

What are the 5 specialty tracks?

Answer 12

♣	Child
♣	Health
♣	Forensic
♣	Family
♣	Neuropsychology

Question 13

What are the 3 models of training?

Answer 13

1. Scientist-practitioner model (or Boulder model)
2. Practitioner-scholar model (or Vail model)
3. Clinical scientist model

Question 14

What is the S-P Model (Boulder Model)? (2)

Answer 14

-A balanced approach
-Emphasizes BOTH practice and research
o Graduate should be able to competently practice (therapy, assessment) and conduct research

Question 15

What is the P-S Model (Vail Model)? (2)

Answer 15

• Emphasizes practice over research

- Yields the PsyD degree (Not the traditional PhD)

Question 16

What degree program has proliferated in recent years?

Answer 16

PsyD

Question 17

What is 6 ways a PsyD is different from a PhD?

Answer 17

• Emphasize practice over research
• Larger classes
• Greater acceptance rate
• Often in free-standing professional schools (vs. in university departments)
• Offer less funding to students
• Less success in placing students in APA-accredited internships

Question 18

Why did the clinical scientist model emerge?

Answer 18

primarily as a reaction against the trend toward practice represented by Vail Model

Question 19

What book sparked the movement for clinical scientist?

Answer 19

Richard McFall’s 1991 “Manifesto for a Science of Clinical Psychology”

Question 20

What is the clinical scientist model? (2)

Answer 20

• A Subset of PhD institutions who strongly endorse empiricism and science = research
• Tend to train researchers rather than practitioners

Question 21

What are the two emerging trends in training? (2)

Answer 21

Technology
o Use of webcams for supervision
o Computer based assessment

Competencies
o Skills that a student must demonstrate
o Ex: intervention, assessment, research, etc.

Question 22

What is a pre-doctoral internship (2)? What does it transition?

Answer 22

• Takes place at the end of doctoral training programs (before PhD or PsyD is awarded)
• A full year of supervised clinical experience in an applied setting
• Transition from student to professional

Question 23

What is a postdoctoral internship (6)?

Answer 23

• Takes place after the doctoral degree is awarded
• Typically lasts 1-2 years
• Still supervised, but more independence
• Often specialized training
• Often required for state licensure
• Great way of doing research

Question 24

Licensure enables

Answer 24

enables independent practice and identification as a member of the profession

Question 25

Getting licensed requires…(3)

Answer 25

appropriate graduate coursework, postdoctoral internship, and licensing exams

Question 26

To stay licensed, most states require…

Answer 26

continuing education units (CEUs)

Question 27

Why is NA clinical psychologists expected to get a licence to practice in their field?

Answer 27

This is done to protect the public from being harmed by incompetent or unethical practitioners

Question 28

What does a licensing exam include? (4)

Answer 28

♣ A criminal background check

Providing letters of recommendation, transcripts, and details of practical hours

Question 29

What are three other common work places for clinicians? (other than private practice)

Answer 29

o Universities
o Psychiatric and general hospitals
o Community mental health centers

Question 30

What is the most common type of therapy clinicians give?

Answer 30

psychotherapy

Question 31

What are 3 common professional activities that clinical psychologists do?

Answer 31

o Diagnosis/assessment (like ADHD)
o Teaching/supervision
o Research/writing

Question 32

How are counselling psychologists different from clinical psychologists? (4)

Answer 32

• Tend to see less seriously disturbed clients
• Tend to work less often in settings like inpatient hospitals or units
• Tend to endorse humanism (spend more time forming repor, develop a relationship) more and behaviourism less
• Tend to be more interested in vocational and career counseling

Question 33

How are psychiatrists different from clinical psychologists? (3)

Answer 33

• Go to medical school and are physicians
• Have prescription privileges
• Increasingly emphasize biological/pharmaceutical rather than “talk therapy” intervention since Medicare is paying, so short appointments

Question 34

How are social workers different from clinical psychologists? (3)

Answer 34

• Tend to emphasize social factors in client’s problems
• Earn a master’s degree rather than a doctorate
• Training emphasizes treatment and fieldwork over research or formalized assessment (emphasize family therapy)

Question 35

How are school psychologists different from clinical psychologists? (4)

Answer 35

• Tend to work in schools
• Tend to have a more limited professional focus than clinical psychologists (student wellness and learning)
• Frequently conduct school-related testing and determine LD and ADHD diagnosis
• Consult with adults in children’s lives (e.g. teachers, staff, parents)

Question 36

How are professional counsellors different from clinical psychologists? (4)

Answer 36

• Earn a master’s degree
• Complete training in two years
• Little emphasis on psychological testing or research
• May specialize in career, school, college counseling