General Knowledge Questions

Question 1

What is meant by the term patronage?

Answer 1

Rewards (jobs/money/influence/titles/protection) from Lords in exchange for support and call to arms.

Question 2

People provided patronage were known as a Lords’s what?

Answer 2

Affinity.

Question 3

When did Henry VI come to the throne?

Answer 3

September 1422 (aged 9 months).

Question 4

What were the three main clauses of the the Treaty of Tours?

Answer 4

1. Peace with France (for atleast two years).
2. Henry VI’s marriage to Margaret of Anjou.
3. Cedement of Maine to France.

Question 5

Which assault broke the Treaty of Tours? (Date/Location)

Answer 5

Fourgeres 1449.

Question 6

When did the murder of the Duke of Suffolk take place?

Answer 6

2nd May 1450.

Question 7

Why was Jack Cade’s use of the name Mortimer significant?

Answer 7

Mortimer was Richard, Duke of York’s mother’s name.

Question 8

How many rebels marched on London during Cade’s Rebellion?

Answer 8

Approximately 46000.

Question 9

What were the names of the two men executed by Cade’s rebels in London.

Answer 9

Lord Saye and Sir William Cromer (Sheriff of Kent).

Question 10

Who did the rebels call on to come and solve the problems in the government?

Answer 10

Richard, Duke of York.

Question 11

Which two sons of Edward III was Richard, Duke of York descended from?

Answer 11

1. Lionel, Duke of Clarence (Mortimer line).
2. Edmund, Duke of York.

Question 12

Why was Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, not Henry VI’s heir?

Answer 12

He was descended through the illegitimate line of John of Gaunt.

Question 13

Why did Richard, Duke of York return from Ireland in 1450? (5)

Answer 13

1. To clear his name.
2. To demand repayment of his loans.
3. To protect his position.
4. To remove Somerset.
5. To restore justice by ending corruption.

Question 14

Who was imprisoned in May 1451 for seeking recognition of Richard, Duke of York as Henry VI’s heir?

Answer 14

Thomas Young.

Question 15

When did York attempt a coup at Dartmouth?

Answer 15

February 1452.

Question 16

When and why was Richard, Duke of York appointed Lord Protector for the first time?

Answer 16

March 1454.
Following Chancellor Kemp’s death, the government needed to appoint a regent so it could cope during Henry’s incacipitation.

Question 17

Who did Richard, Duke of York place in the Tower of London during his first protectorate.

Answer 17

Edmund, Duke of Somerset.

Question 18

When did the First Battle of St Albans take place?

Answer 18

22nd May 1455.

Question 19

Which leading Lancastrians were killed at St Albans? (3)

Answer 19

1. Somerset.
2. Northumberland.
3. Clifford.

Question 20

When and why was York dismissed from his role as Protector during his second Protectorate?

Answer 20

25th February 1456.
York had tried to limit the size and control of the royal household which was met with great opposition from Margaret of Anjou and the House of Lords.

Question 21

Which Battle ended the uneasy peace 1455-1459?

Answer 21

The Battle of Blore Heath (23rd September).

Question 22

When did the Parliament of Devils take place?

Answer 22

November 1459.

Question 23

What decision was made at the Parliament of Devils and why was it so shocking?

Answer 23

Margaret of Anjou called for Yorkist heirs to be disinherited, the nobility collectively agreed that this was far too extreme of a punishment.

Question 24

What were the 3 main terms of the Act of Accord (October 1460)?

Answer 24

1. Henry VI would remain King until his death.
2. Richard, Duke of York would govern England as Lord Protector.
3. Henry VI’s son, Edward, Prince of Wales, would be disinherited passing the line of succession to York and his children.

Question 25

Which three individuals were killed shortly after the Battle of Wakefield in December 1460?

Answer 25

1. Richard, Duke of York. 2. Edmund, Earl of Rutland (York's son). 3. Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury.

Question 26

What symbolic event took place at the Battle of Mortimer's Cross?

Answer 26

A parhelion - 3 suns in the sky.

Question 27

Why did the Lancastrian army gain a poor reputation after the Battle of Wakefield?

Answer 27

Queen Margaret allowed/was unable to stop her troops to pillage villages as they moved south.

Question 28

Which Battle occured on 28th March 1461 and who won?

Answer 28

The Yorkists led by Warwick.

Question 29

Why did victory at Towton not end potential for future conflicts? (2)

Answer 29

1. Henry VI, Margaret and Edward all still alive after having escaped to Scotland. 2. The Lancastrians still had many North-Eastern supporters.

Question 30

When did Edward IV's coronation take place?

Answer 30

28th June 1461.

Question 31

When was the Treaty of Chinon agreed?

Answer 31

June 1462.

Question 32

What was Edward IV's policy to win Lancastrian support?

Answer 32

Reconciliation.

Question 33

When did reconciliation fail? (3)

Answer 33

1. Edward returned Dunstaburgh Castle to Ralph Percy, who then handed the castle over tp Henry VI in October 1462. 2. Percy was forgiven for this but then fought against Edward at Hedgeley Moor in April 1464. 3. Henry Beaufort was welcomed at court, yet fled back to Lancastrian support in the North.

Question 34

Which two battles were fought and won by the Yorkists in 1464?

Answer 34

Hedgeley Moor (april). Hexham (May).

Question 35

Who had Warwick been arranging for Edward IV to marry?

Answer 35

Princess Bona of Savoy (sister-in-law to the French King).

Question 36

When did Edward IV marry Elizabeth Woodville?

Answer 36

May 1464.

Question 37

When was Henry VI captured and imprisoned by Edward IV?

Answer 37

July 1465.

Question 38

Who did Edward IV dismiss as chancellor in 1467?

Answer 38

Archbishop George Neville.

Question 39

Who revolted against the heavy lordship of Earl Rivers in 1468?

Answer 39

The commons of Kent.

Question 40

Who's marriage confirmed Edward IV’s alliance with Burgundy in 1468?

Answer 40

Margaret of York (Edward’s sister) to Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy.

Question 41

Which marriage proposal did Edward IV reject from the Earl of Warwick?

Answer 41

Warwick’s daughter Isabel Neville to George, Duke of Clarence. Warwick’s younger daughter Anne Neville to Richard, Duke of Gloucester.

Question 42

Which rebellion takes place in June 1469?

Answer 42

The Robin of Redesdale Rebellion.

Question 43

Who puts down the Robin of Redesdale Rebellion?

Answer 43

John Neville, Marquis of Montagu.

Question 44

What rumour did Warwick and Clarence spread about Edward IV?

Answer 44

Edward was not the son of Richard, Duke of York.

Question 45

Which battle did Warwick defeat Edward IV and execute Elizabeth Woodville’s father and mother?

Answer 45

Edgecote 26th July 1469.

Question 46

When were Clarence and Warwick declared traitors after which battle?

Answer 46

Losecoat Field 24th March 1470.

Question 47

Which two parties agreed to the treaty of Angers in July 1470?

Answer 47

Margaret of Anjou and Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick.

Question 48

Which French King arranged the Treaty of Angers?

Answer 48

Louis XI.

Question 49

On which date was Henry VI put back on the throne during the readeption?

Answer 49

3rd October 1470.

Question 50

When did the Battle of Barnett take place and which two key nobles were killed?

Answer 50

14th April 1471. Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick. Lord Montagu.

Question 51

When and where was Edward IV’s first som born?

Answer 51

November 1470 in Sanctuary at Westminister Abbey.

Question 52

Who was appointed as Great Chamberlain of England in May 1472 replacing Richard, Duke of Gloucester.

Answer 52

George, Duke of Clarence.

Question 53

Which noble continued to rebel against Edward IV until he was finally captured and imprisoned in 1474 near Calais?

Answer 53

John de Vere, Earl of Oxford.

Question 54

Who’s ideas influenced Edward IV’s financial policies.

Answer 54

John Fortescue.

Question 55

Who did Edward IV make the Treaty of Urtecht with in February 1474 to improve trade?

Answer 55

The Hanseatic League.

Question 56

What treaty was agreed on 29th August 1475 between Edward IV and Louis XI?

Answer 56

The Treaty of Picquigny.

Question 57

What were the terms of the Treaty of Picquigny? (4)

Answer 57

1. Seven year truce with France. 2. Financial settlement of 75,000 crowns from Louis XI. 3. Yearly pension of 50,000 crowns paid to Edward IV. 4. Betrothal of Dauphin to Elizabeth, Edward IV's eldest daughter.

Question 58

What was the name of the servant of George, Duke of Clarence accused of sorcery?

Answer 58

Thomas Burdet.

Question 59

Who was forced to give up control of their welsh lands in 1479?

Answer 59

William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke.

Question 60

When did Edward IV die?

Answer 60

9th April 1483.

Question 61

Who does Edward IV allegedly say should be Protector of England until his son comes of age?

Answer 61

His brother, Richard, Duke of Gloucester.

Question 62

On what date does Richard, Duke of Gloucester, arrest Antony Woodville?

Answer 62

30th April 1483.

Question 63

Which source claims Richard, Duke of Gloucester, was acting under orders from William, Lord Hastings?

Answer 63

Dominic Mancini.

Question 64

On what date is the illegitimacy of the two princes, Edward V and Richard, Duke of York proclaimed?

Answer 64

22nd June 1483.

Question 65

Who had the Duke of Buckingham been forced to marry as a child?

Answer 65

Katherine Woodville, sister of Elizabeth Woodville.

Question 66

When were the princes in the tower last seen alive?

Answer 66

July 1483.

Question 67

How did the Duke of Buckingham make contact with Margaret Beaufort (mother of Henry Tudor)?

Answer 67

Through his prisoner, John Morton.

Question 68

On what date was the Duke of Buckingham executed?

Answer 68

2nd November 1483.

Question 69

Who were Richard III's closest advisors following Buckingham's execution? (3)

Answer 69

1. Sir William Catesby. 2. Sir Richard Ratcliffe. 3. Francis, Lord Lovell.

Question 70

Who did Richard III name as his heir following the death of his son?

Answer 70

John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln.

Question 71

Which son of Edward III was Henry Tudor descended from?

Answer 71

John of Gaunt.

Question 72

How was Henry Tudor related to Henry VI?

Answer 72

His father, Edmund Tudor was the son of Catherine of Valois from her second marriage, making him Henry VI's nephew.

Question 73

Who did Margaret Beaufort marry in 1472?

Answer 73

Thomas Stanley.

Question 74

Which two Welsh land owners provided soldiers to Henry Tudor on his march to Bosworth?

Answer 74

Rhys ap Thomas and William ap Gruffudd.

Question 75

How far did Henry Tudor's army have to march before reaching Bosworth?

Answer 75

240km.

Question 76

Which noble was present at the Battle of Bosworth but did not take part in the fighting?

Answer 76

Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland.

Question 77

On which date does Henry VII date the beginning of his reign?

Answer 77

21st August 1485, the day before the Battle of Bosworth.

Question 78

Which of Richard III's followers executed immediately after the Battle of Bosworth?

Answer 78

Sir William Catesby.

Question 79

On which date does Henry VII issue a pardon for all those who fought for Richard III and didn't flee during the Battle of Bosworth.

Answer 79

11th October 1485.

Question 80

Who does Henry VII marry on 18th January 1486?

Answer 80

Elizabeth of York, Edward IV's eldest daughter.

Question 81

Which two nobles revolted against Henry VII in the spring of 1486?

Answer 81

Francis, Lord Lovell and Sir Humphrey Stafford.

Question 82

Who did Lambert Simnel claim to be?

Answer 82

Edward, Earl of Warwick, the son of George, Duke of Clarence.

Question 83

Who first made the claim that Lambert Simnel was a descendant to the throne?

Answer 83

His tutor, Richard Symonds.

Question 84

Which battle took place on 16th June 1487?

Answer 84

The Battle of Stoke.

Question 85

On which date was Elizabeth of York crowned Queen?

Answer 85

15th November 1487.