General Principles of Pharmacology

Question 1

Adverse Reaction

Answer 1

Undesirable drug effect

Question 2

Allergic Reaction

Answer 2

Immediate hypersensitive reaction by the immune system; it presents as itching, gives, swelling, and difficulty breathing

Question 3

Anaphylactic Shock

Answer 3

Sudden, severe hypersensitivity reaction with symptoms that progress rapidly and may result in death of not treated;

Question 4

Angioedema

Answer 4

Localized wheals or swellings in subcutaneous tissue or mucous membranes, which may be due to an allergic response;

Question 5

Absorption

Answer 5

A drug is moved from the site of administration to body fluids; first process during pharmacokinetics.

Question 6

Controlled Substance

Answer 6

Drugs that have the potential for abuse and dependency, both physical and psychological

Question 7

Cumulative Drug Effect

Answer 7

When the body is unable to metabolize and excrete one dose of a drug before the next is given

Question 8

Distribution

Answer 8

Drug moves from circulation to body tissue or a target site

Question 9

Drug Idiosyncrasy

Answer 9

Any unusual or abnormal response that differs from the response normally expected to a specific drug and dosage

Question 10

Drug Tolerance

Answer 10

Decreased response to a drug, requiring an increase in dosage to achieve the desired effect

Question 11

Excretion

Answer 11

Elimination of a drug from the body

Question 12

First-Pass Effect

Answer 12

Action by which an oral drug is absorbed and carried directly to the liver, where it is inactivated by enzymes before it enters the general bloodstream

Question 13

Half-Life

Answer 13

Time required for the body to eliminate 50% of a drug

Question 14

Herbal Medicine

Answer 14

Type of complementary/alternative therapy uses plants or herbs to treat various disorders

Question 15

Hypersensitivity

Answer 15

Undesirable reaction produced by a normal immune system

Question 16

Metabolism

Answer 16

Drug changed to a form that can be excreted

Question 17

Metabolite

Answer 17

Inactive form of the original drug

Question 18

Nonprescription Drugs

Answer 18

Drugs that are designated by the U.S Food and Drug Administration to be safe and obtainable without a prescription

Question 19

Pharmaceutic

Answer 19

Pertaining to the phase during which a drug dissolves in the body

Question 20

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 20

Study of the drug mechanisms that produce biochemical or physiologic changes in the body

Question 21

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 21

Study of drug transit (activity) after administration

Question 22

Physical Dependency

Answer 22

Habitual use of a drug, where negative physical withdrawal symptoms result from abrupt discontinuation

Question 23

Prescription Drugs

Answer 23

Drugs that the federal government has designated as potentially harmful unless their use is supervised by a licensed health care provider

Question 24

Psychological Dependency

Answer 24

Compulsion or craving to use a substance to obtain a pleasurable experience

Question 25

Receptor

Answer 25

In pharmacology, a reactive site on the surface of a cell; when a drug binds to and interacts with the receptor, a pharmacological response occurs

Question 26

Teratogen

Answer 26

Drug or substance that causes abnormal development of fetus, leading to deformities

Question 27

Toxic

Answer 27

Poisonous or harmful

Question 28

Nonprescription Drugs

Answer 28

Drugs that are designated by the U.S Food and Drug Administration to be safe and obtainable without a prescription

Question 29

Pharmaceutic

Answer 29

Pertaining to the phase during which a drug dissolves in the body

Question 30

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 30

Study of the drug mechanisms that produce biochemical or physiologic changes in the body

Question 31

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 31

Study of drug transit (activity) after administration

Question 32

Physical Dependency

Answer 32

Habitual use of a drug, where negative physical withdrawal symptoms result from abrupt discontinuation

Question 33

Prescription Drugs

Answer 33

Drugs that the federal government has designated as potentially harmful unless their use is supervised by a licensed health care provider

Question 34

Psychological Dependency

Answer 34

Compulsion or craving to use a substance to obtain a pleasurable experience

Question 35

Receptor

Answer 35

In pharmacology, a reactive site on the surface of a cell; when a drug binds to and interacts with the receptor, a pharmacological response occurs

Question 36

Teratogen

Answer 36

Drug or substance that causes abnormal development of fetus, leading to deformities

Question 37

Toxic

Answer 37

Poisonous or harmful