Genesis Quiz

Question 1

Why do more tc’S develop in the northern hemisphere

Answer 1

Two additional genesis regions

Question 2

Large -scale conditions associated with Tc formation

Answer 2

Upper-tropospheric anticyclone outflow; enhanced lower tropospheric relative vorticity; appearance of curved banding features in deep connection;

Question 3

Falling surface pressure

Answer 3

Greater than or equal to 3mb in a 24 hr period

Question 4

Tropical waves

Answer 4

Cyclonically curved, produce 70% of Atlantic busin formations

Question 5

Non-tropical lows and thunderstorm complexes

Answer 5

Frequent precursor of subtropical cyclones which can evolve into Tc, strong upper level divergence

Question 6

Eddy flow

Answer 6

Turbulent flows develop spinning or swirling structures

Question 7

Cyclonic wind flow / circulation

Question 8

North Eddy flow

Answer 8

Superimposed onto the easterly background flow, an open wave instead of closed cyclonic circulation System

Question 9

Eddy flow + background =

Answer 9

Resultant / combined flow

Question 10

Why do open tropical waves develop slower than closed lows?

Answer 10

Asymmetrical low-level convergence and convection, convection displaced from lowest pressure axis

Question 11

What can assist development

Answer 11

Light to moderate easterly deep-layer vertical wind shear, pushes convection/latent heat over wave axis

Question 12

What direction does most favorable near-zero shear come from

Answer 12

Any direction

Question 13

_ Tropical waves develop - than - lows due to _

Answer 13

Open; slower; close; asymmetrical low level convergence and convection

Question 14

What does low / no vertical wind shear do?

Answer 14

Allows vortex column to remain vertical, creating ideal conditions for latent heat released to be concentrated near surface pressure minimum

Question 15

Unfavorable westerly shear

Answer 15

Greater than 25 kts

Question 16

Favorable tropical wave shear

Answer 16

Less than 10 kts

Question 17

Most favorable shear

Answer 17

Okts

Question 18

Why is a most mid level > 70 % Rh so important in order for Tc genesis to occur

Answer 18

Prevent the development of cold downdrafts created by rain evaporating into dry mid-level air

Question 19

Entrainment of moist mid level air

Answer 19

Feed convective updrafts with nigh theta -E air, enhances updrafts

Question 20

Entrainment of dry mid-level air

Answer 20

Creates evaporatively cooled downdrafts, which spread out at the ocean surface, disrupting or even destroying the surface wind field

Question 21

Dry slot penetration of inner core will

Answer 21

Erode central deep connection & slow down the genesis process

Question 22

Why do early development of Dolly support Tc genesis?

Answer 22

Merger of mult lower to middle troposphere mesoscale

Question 23

Ships

Answer 23

Statistical hurricane intensity precipitation scheme

Question 24

What is the ships model

Answer 24

Statistical - dynamical model that was developed for forecasting the intensity existing tropical cyclones not tropical disturbances

Question 25

Useful Tc genesis environmental info can be obtained from the

Answer 25

Model output

Question 26

Madden-julien oscillation

Answer 26

Large scale global gravity wave generated by deep connection that develops and persist over mountainous, elevated heat regions of Asian subcontinent and Asian tropics

Question 27

Positive phase upper level divergence created

Answer 27

More moist and lower Vws environment

Question 28

Convectively coupled Kelvin waves

Answer 28

Moderate scale gravity wave generated by deep convective burst

Question 29

Where do cckw waves develop?

Answer 29

Mountainous, elevated heat regions of Asian subcontinent and tropics

Question 30

Tc genesis enhanced ahead of cckw due to

Answer 30

Increased upper-level divergence E weakening of low-level easterlies and/or an increase in low level westerlies which increases low level cyclonic vorticity

Question 31

Cckw is limited to

Answer 31

7 degrees of equator (do not affect Tc genesis at higher lat )

Question 32

Cckw propagate

Answer 32

Eastward at 15-25 kts

Question 33

Mjo waves move

Answer 33

Eastward at less than 10 Kts

Question 34

Since cckws con move slower than, equal to, or faster than the Mjo

Answer 34

Locally de-amplify/degrade or amplify the effects of mjo

Question 35

Ingredients

Answer 35

Pre existing disturbance, warm sea surface temps, little change in the wind speed and/or direction with height, nigh values of tropospheric moisture, unstable atmosphere, location several degrees latitude away from the equator (coriolisspin)