Genetics Flashcards
(8 cards)
1
Q
Genetics
A
the science that studies inheritance of biological characteristics by livings things
2
Q
Genome
Genotype
Phenotype
A
the sum of genetic material carries within a cell
>composed exclusively of DNA(Genome of the cell)
>composed of both DNA & RNA (genome of the virus)
Genotype
-organisms genetic make up
Phenotype
- may change depending on which genes are “turned on”
- due to more than just the order of nucleotide in the DNA
3
Q
Gene
> Structural genes
Regulatory genes
Genes that code for RNA
A
A series of basic informational packets in chromosomes
- the fundamental unit of hereditary responsible for a given trait in an organism
- Portion of the chromosome that provides information for a given or specific segment of DNA that contains necessary codes to make protein or RNA molecules
> Structural genes
-code for proteins
> Regulatory genes
-control gene expression
> Genes that code for RNA
4
Q
Structure of DNA
- Nitrogen bases
- Puries
- Pyrimidines
A
(Puries) -Adenine, Guanine (Pyrimidines) -Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil pairing of bases is based on structure of bases & how they align to form Hydrogen bands
5
Q
DNA replication
Semicompetitive replication
A
(!) Maintenance of genetic message
(2)Providing variety
6
Q
Enzymes acting duriong replicAtion
A
-Helicase
-Primase
-DNA Polymerase III
DNA Polymerase I
7
Q
Transcription
A
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8
Q
Translation
A
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