Flashcards in Genetics Deck (8)
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1
Genetics
the science that studies inheritance of biological characteristics by livings things
2
Genome
Genotype
Phenotype
the sum of genetic material carries within a cell
>composed exclusively of DNA(Genome of the cell)
>composed of both DNA & RNA (genome of the virus)
Genotype
-organisms genetic make up
Phenotype
-may change depending on which genes are "turned on"
-due to more than just the order of nucleotide in the DNA
3
Gene
>Structural genes
>Regulatory genes
>Genes that code for RNA
A series of basic informational packets in chromosomes
-the fundamental unit of hereditary responsible for a given trait in an organism
-Portion of the chromosome that provides information for a given or specific segment of DNA that contains necessary codes to make protein or RNA molecules
>Structural genes
-code for proteins
>Regulatory genes
-control gene expression
>Genes that code for RNA
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Structure of DNA
-Nitrogen bases
-Puries
-Pyrimidines
(Puries)
-Adenine, Guanine
(Pyrimidines)
-Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil
pairing of bases is based on structure of bases & how they align to form Hydrogen bands
5
DNA replication
Semicompetitive replication
(!) Maintenance of genetic message
(2)Providing variety
6
Enzymes acting duriong replicAtion
-Helicase
-Primase
-DNA Polymerase III
DNA Polymerase I
7
Transcription
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