Genez

Question 1

Chromosomes

Answer 1

Formed by chemical base pairs, comprised of DNA and proteins

Question 2

Proteins

Answer 2

Underlie every bodily structure and chemical process

Question 3

Genes

Answer 3

Functional segments of DNA, formed of 3000 base pairs on average, carry a chemical code for manufacturing (a) specific protein or functional molecule. 20,000 genes in humans.

Question 4

DNA

Answer 4

Has about 3 billion base pairs, is a template for gene transcription together with RNA, involved in cell division.

Question 5

Base pairs

Answer 5

Are formed by nucleotides: Adenine, Guanine, Thymine - in interaction with RNA replaced with Uracil, Cytosine.
(A-T, G-C)

Question 6

Codons

Answer 6

Base pairs arranges into sequences of 3s in DNA - code for the manufacturing of 20 amino acids (proteins).

Question 7

RNA

Answer 7

Ribonucleutic acid, embeds into DNA’s template in the process of transcribing genes.

Question 8

an individuals genetic make up

Answer 8

genotype

Question 9

One’s actual observable characteristics

Answer 9

pheontype

Question 10

alternative forms of genes

Answer 10

alleles

Question 11

RR & rr

Answer 11

Homozygous genes/ traits

Question 12

Rr

Answer 12

Heterozygous genes/ traits

Question 13

When dominances of traits are equal

Answer 13

Codominance

Question 14

Inheritance patterns of two genes do not affect eachother

Answer 14

Independent assortment

Question 15

Minnesota Srudy of Twins reared apart by?

Answer 15

Thomas Bouchard

Question 16

5-HT

Answer 16

The serotonin system

Question 17

5 HTT

Answer 17

serotonin transporter gene, short and long variants, it’s metabolite is storngly heritable, connection to early relationship with mother. Short version makes for twice as likely to get depressed after stressful events.

Question 18

What are the initial factors at work in Natural selection?

Answer 18

Competition, Variation, Heritability.