Genitalia (PPT) Flashcards
(43 cards)
_____: The flattened, smooth surface inside the labia. The openings to the bladder (the urethra) and the uterus (the vagina) both arise from the vestibule.
_____: Rounded organ of erectile tissue at the forward junction of the labia minora; sensitive to touch and temperature and is the center of sexual arousal and orgasm in a woman.
_____: Located just lateral to the urinary meatus, one on each side. Their ducts open into the urethra.
_____: are located just lateral to the vaginal opening on both sides. Their ducts open into the distal vagina.
Vestibule
Clitoris
Skene’s glands (paraurethral glands)
Bartholin’s glands (vulvovaginal glands)
Episodic uterine bleeding in response to cyclic hormonal changes.
Purpose: bring an ovum to maturity and renew a uterine tissue bed that will be responsible for the ova’s growth should it be fertilized.
Menstrual Cycle
Menstrual Cycle
- Stage 1: _____ (Days 1 to 4) - estrogen and progesterone levels have decreased, triggering a shedding of the upper layers of endometrium and menstrual bleeding.
- Stage 2: _____ (Days 5 to 12) - follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates follicular growth during this stage
- Stage 3: _____ (Days 13 or 14) - characterized by a steep rise in estrogen and luteinizing hormone (LH).
- Stage 4: _____ (Days 15-20) - egg moves into the uterus, and the follicle becomes a corpus luteum.
- Stage 5: _____ (Days 21 to 28) - Estrogen levels begin to rise again as a new follicle develops. When the thickened uterine wall begins to shed, menstruation starts, which marks the beginning of another menstrual cycle.
MPOSP
- Menstrual Phase
- Postmenstrual or Preovulatory Phase
- Ovulation
- Secretory Phase
- Premenstrual Phase
Subjective Data
✓Menstrual history ✓Obstetric history ✓Menopause
✓Patient-centered care ✓Acute pelvic pain
✓Urinary symptoms
✓Vaginal discharge
✓Past history
✓Sexual activity ✓Contraceptive use
✓Sexually transmitted infection (STI) contact
Preparing the client
*Instruct patient not to douche
*Ask patient to urinate first *Remove underwear and
wear a gown
*Reposition to lithotomy
Lice or nits (eggs) at the base of the pubic hairs indicate infestation with _____. This condition, commonly referred to as “crabs,” is most often transmitted by sexual contact.
pediculosis pubis
2 types of Speculum
Graves Speculum
Pederson Speculum
_____ are small, yellow, translucent nodules on the cervical surface.
Nabothian cysts
a type of healed laceration that may be seen in a woman who has given birth vaginally.
Bilateral Transverse Laceration
Vaginal birth that may cause trauma to the cervix and produce tears or lacerations.
Unilateral Transverse Laceration
Caused by trauma to a difficult delivery.
Stellate Laceration
It is used as a screening test to detect cervical dysplasia or cancer
Papanicolaou (Pap) test
Position of Uterus
_____ The uterus is palpated at the level of the pubis between the external and internal hands; the uterus points anteriorly; the cervix is aimed posteriorly.
_____ The uterus is positioned posteriorly and is not palpable between the external and internal hands. The cervix is pointed anteriorly.
_____ The uterus is palpable at the level of the pubis between the external and internal hands; the uterus points anteriorly, the cervix points along the axis of the vaginal canal.
_____ The uterus may not be palpable between the external and internal hands; the uterus points upward, the cervix is pointed along the axis of the vaginal canal.
Anteverted
Retroverted
Anteflex
Midposition
A _____ sphincter can occur with neurologic deficits, following rectal surgery, or with anal/rectal trauma (especially trauma associated with frequent anal sex).
_____ sphincter may be associated with lesions, inflammation, scarring, or anxiety related to the examination. Extreme pain with anal palpation almost always indicates a local inflammation such as a fissure, fistula, or cyst.
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
S: Painless warty growths; may be unnoticed by woman.
O: Pink or flesh- colored,soft, pointed, moist,warty papules.
Human Papillomavirus Genital Warts
_____ caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV), are moist, fleshy lesions on the labia and within the vestibule. They are painless and believed to be sexually transmitted.
Genital warts
Feeling of pressure in vagina, stress incontinence.
With straining, note introitus widening and the presence of a soft, round anterior bulge. The bladder, covered by vaginal mucosa, prolapses into the vagina
Cystocele
Uterus protrudes into vagina. Nontender, nonfluctuant, smooth hemisphere; may cause a broad- based gait.
Uterine Prolapse
Cervical lips inflamed and eroded. Reddened granular surface is superficial inflammation, with no ulceration (loss of tissue). Usually secondary to purulent or mucopurulent cervical discharge.
Cervical erosion
S: May have mucoid discharge or bleeding.
O: Bright red, soft, pedunculated growth emerges from os. It is benign, but this must be determined by biopsy.
Polyp
- Bleeding between menstrual periods, after sex, after menopause; unusual vaginal discharge.
- Chronic ulcer and induration are early signs of carcinoma, although the lesion may or may not show on the exocervix.
Cervical Cancer
S: Intense pruritus; thick, whitish, clumpy discharge.
O: Vulva and vagina are erythematous and edematous. Discharge is usually thick, white, curdy, “like cottage cheese,” not malodorous. Microscopic examination of discharge on KOH wet mount shows branched hyphae.
Candidiasis (Montiliasis)
S: 95% of cases are asymptomatic.
O: May have purulent vaginal discharge. Diagnose by positive culture of organism
Gonorrhea
Uterus irregularly enlarged; firm; mobile; and nodular with hard, painless nodules in the uterine wall. Heavy bleeding produces anemia. These benign tumors are common; by age 50 years.
Myomas
