Peripheral Vascular System

Question 1

high- protein swelling of the limb, most commonly caused by breast cancer treatment.

Answer 1

Lymphedema

Question 2

Episodes of abrupt, progressive tricolor change of the fingers in response to cold, vibration, or stress: (1) white (2) blue (3) finally red

Answer 2

Reynaud Phenomenon

Question 3

a rare disease that causes inflammation and blood clots in the small and medium-sized arteries and veins, primarily in the hands and feet, often linked to smoking. / Tissue death

Answer 3

Buerger disease

Question 4

a rare condition that thickens your skin and tissue throughout your body.

Answer 4

scleroderma

Question 5

Ulnar pulse

Abnormal
Obliteration: _____
Inelasticity: _____

Answer 5

compartment syndrome
arteriosclerosis

Question 6

used to evaluate the adequacy of collateral circulation before cannulating the radial artery.

Answer 6

Allen test

Question 7

Skin color abnormal findings:

_____: arterial insufficiency
_____: venous insufficiency

Answer 7

Pallor (elevated) & rubor
Cyanosis (dependent) & rubor

Question 8

Smooth ulcers with even margins at pressure areas

Answer 8

arterial insufficiency

Question 9

Ulcers with irregular margins, bleeding, & possible bacterial infection at medial ankle.

Answer 9

venous insufficiency

Question 10

an enlarged section of an artery behind your knee

Answer 10

POPLITEAL ARTERY ANEURYSM

Question 11

A deep vein is occluded by a thrombus, causing inflammation, blocked venous return, cyanosis, and edema.

Answer 11

Deep vein thromboplebitis

Question 12

results from damaged or blocked lymphatic circulation.

Answer 12

Lymphedema

Question 13

Prominent venous patterning with edema may indicate

Answer 13

venous obstruction

Question 14

It is a vascular disorder caused by vasoconstriction or vasospasm of the fingers or toes, characterized by rapid changes of color (pallor, cyanosis, and redness), swelling, pain, numbness, tingling, burning, throbbing, and coldness.

Answer 14

Raynaud disorder

Question 15

Lack of resilience or inelasticity of the artery wall may indicate

Answer 15

arteriosclerosis

Question 16

evident with ulcerations that are slow to heal, dry and shriveled skin that changes color from blue to black and eventually sloughs off, cold and numb skin; pain may or may not be present.

Answer 16

Gangrene

Question 17

A rusty, ruddy, or brownish pigmentation (rubor) around the ankles indicates

Answer 17

venous insufficiency

Question 18

characterized by a 1-cm difference in measurement at the ankles or a 2-cm difference at the calf, and a swollen extremity.

Answer 18

Unilateral edema

Question 19

It is usually caused by venous stasis due to insufficiency or an obstruction. It may also be caused by lymphedema

Answer 19

Unilateral edema

Question 20

A difference in measurement between legs

Answer 20

muscular atrophy.

Question 21

Increased warmth in the leg, resulting from a secondary inflammation in the tissue around the vein.

Answer 21

superficial thrombophlebitis

Question 22

Lymph nodes larger than 2 cm with or without tenderness

Answer 22

lymphadenopathy

Question 23

A weak or absent pulse indicates

Answer 23

partial or complete arterial occlusion.

Question 24

may appear as distended, nodular, bulging, and tortuous, depending on severity.

Answer 24

Varicose veins

Question 25

common in the anterior lateral thigh and lower leg, the posterior lateral calf, and anus (known as hemorrhoids)

Answer 25

Varicose veins

Question 26

_____ result from incompetent valves in the veins, weak vein walls, or an obstruction above the varicosity.

Answer 26

Varicose veins

Question 27

_____is marked by redness, thickening, and tenderness along the vein.

Answer 27

Superficial vein thrombophlebitis

Question 28

If the ABI is 0.91–1.00, it is considered _____

Answer 28

borderline abnormal

Question 29

_____ produces falsely elevated ankle pressure by making the vessels noncompressible.

Answer 29

Medial calcific sclerosis

Question 30

Dramatic blanching of fingers on both hands

Answer 30

Raynaud disease

Question 31

Caused by abnormal or blocked lymph vessels

Answer 31

EDEMA ASSOCIATED WITH LYMPHEDEMA

Question 32

Caused by obstruction or insufficiency of deep veins

Answer 32

EDEMA ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC VENOUS INSUFFICIENCY

Question 33

Loss of hair on the legs: ______

Answer 33

arterial insufficiency

Question 34

systemic problem (heart failure); chronic venous insufficiency; lymphedema or prolonged sitting/standing (orthostatic edema)

Answer 34

Bilateral edema

Question 35

0+= non pitting edema 1+= mild pitting edema. (_____) 2+= moderate pitting edema (_____) 3+= moderately severe pitting edema (_____, lasts more than 1 minute) 4+= severe pitting edema. (_____, lasts more than 2 minutes)

Answer 35

0+= non pitting edema 1+= mild pitting edema. (2mm) 2+= moderate pitting edema (4mm) 3+= moderately severe pitting edema (6mm, lasts more than 1 minute) 4+= severe pitting edema. (8mm, lasts more than 2 minutes)

Question 36

partial obstruction and diminished blood flow to the lower extremities

Answer 36

Bruits

Question 37

Pulse deficit formula

Answer 37

Radial pulse - apical pulse

Question 38

The ABI is calculated by dividing the ankle systolic pressure by the brachial systolic pressure.

Question 39

The expected value of ABI is ___ to ___

Answer 39

0.95 to 1

Question 40

Hard to palpate, need to search for it, may fade in and out, easily obliterated by pressure.

Answer 40

Weak, “Thready” pulse

Question 41

Easily palpable, pounds under your fingertips.

Answer 41

Full, Bounding Pulse- 3+

Question 42

Rhythm regular, but force varies, with alternating beats of large and small amplitude.

Answer 42

Pulsus Alternans

Question 43

Beats have weaker amplitude with inspiration, stronger with expiration; best determined during blood pressure mea-surement; reading decreases (>10 mm Hg) during inspiration and increases with expiration

Answer 43

Pulsus Paradoxus

Question 44

It is used as a marker for increased large arterial stiffness, predictor for Cardiovascular mortality in both general and hypertensive populations.

Answer 44

Pulse pressure