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PD Block 2 > Genitourinary > Flashcards

Genitourinary Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

What is the dorsal portion of the penis called

A

Corpus cavernosum

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2
Q

What is the ventral part of the penis called

A

Corpus sponginosum. The glans penis is the extension of the sponginosum

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3
Q

Where is the prostate gland located

A

Inferior to the bladder, just anterior to the rectal wall and before the corpus cavernosum begins (surrounds the urethra)

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4
Q

What muscle controls the scrotum

A

Cremaster muscle

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5
Q

Where is the epididymis located

A

On the posterolateral and upper aspect of the testicle

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6
Q

Function of the epididymis

A

Storage, maturation, and transit of sperm

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7
Q

Where is the vas deferens located

A

At the tail of the epididymis, ascends up as the spermatic cord and connects with the seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct

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8
Q

What does the prostate produce

A

The majority of the ejaculatory fluid (fibrinolysin - liquifies semen)

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9
Q

What structure becomes engorged during erection

A

The corpus cavernosum (20-50mL)

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10
Q

What system controls erection

A

The ANS - Arterial dilation and decreased venous outflow.

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11
Q

What structures are a part of ejaculation

A
  1. Vas deferens
  2. Epididymides
  3. Prostate
  4. Seminal vesicles
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12
Q

What happens after orgasm

A

Constriction of the blood vessels of corpus cavernosum, and gradual detumescence

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13
Q

What do you observe during INSPECTION of genitals

A
  1. Hair distribution
  2. The skin on the penis
  3. Lesions or masses
  4. Urethral meatus
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14
Q

What does the palpation portion consist of

A

Circumcised vs uncircumcised. If uncircumcised, retract the foreskin
palpate the shaft for tenderness

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15
Q

What is a normal finding of uncircumcised

A

the foreskin should retract easily and a white cheesy sebaceous fluid may be present (smegma)

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16
Q

Phimosis

A

Foreskin is too tight nd cannot be retracted

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17
Q

Balanitis

A

Inflammation of the glans

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18
Q

What is phimosis caused by

A

May occur during first 6 years of life, or because of balanitis, precancerous

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19
Q

Paraphimosis

A

Retracted foreskin cannot resume normal place over the glans.

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20
Q

What are you looking for during stripping of the urethra

A

Any discharge (may indicate and STI)

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21
Q

What are you looking for during ureteral meatus inspection

A
  1. Position of the urethral opening
  2. Discharge
  3. Meatal stenosis
  4. Warts, ulcers, nodules
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22
Q

What are you looking for during scrotal inspection

A
  1. Appearance - redness
  2. Skin (lumps, thickening)
  3. Asymmetry
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23
Q

Why can the scrotum be asymmetric

A

Because the left testicle has a longer spermatic cord and is often lower

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24
Q

How do you palpate the testes

Study These Flashcards
A

Using the thumb and first two fingers

25
What should a normal testicle feel like
Smooth and rubbery and free of nodules
26
What should the epididymis feel like
Nontender, smooth, discrete, larger cephalad
27
When do you transilluminate
Through the testicles, when a hydrocele or spermatocele is suspected (fluid or mass)
28
Hypospadias
Congenital defect in which urethral meatus(opening) is located on the ventral (underneath) surface of the glans or base of penis
29
What does the scrotum contain
1. Testis 2. Epididymis 3. Spermatic cord - vas deferens 4. Cremaster muscle
30
Chancre
Usually a single painless ulcer and is the primary (1st) stage of syphillis. usually seen on the glans
31
Condyloma
Genital warts caused by HPV, usually on glans or shaft of penis
32
Peyronie disease
A fibrous band (plaque) on the corpus cavernous. Very hard. May be trauma, congenital or inflammation
33
Hydrocele
Fluid accumulation in the scrotum-tunica vaginalis (common in infants)
34
Spermatocele
Benign cyst caused from accumulation of sperm. Occurs on epididymis. Will transilluminate
35
Varicocele
Abnormal tortuosity and dilation of veins within the spermatic cord (pampiniform plexus)and testes(most common on the left side)
36
Epididymitis
Inflammation of the epididymis (seen with UTI)
37
What does the fecal occult blood test
Test for the presence of blood in the fecal smear. Guiac card
38
What does the cremasteric reflex test for
The contraction of the scrotum (testis). This is under nervous control so if it does not contract it may be indicative of nerve damage or trauma
39
How do you palpate an inguinal hernia
Through the inguinal ring
40
What additional documentation is done with male adolescence
The tanner stages
41
What are you looking for in infants
Mostly congenital defects, masses, hernias, hydroceles
42
Tanner stage 1p
No pubic hair
43
Tanner stage 2p
Some hair, slightly pigmented (straight)
44
Tanner stage 3p
Dark hair, starting to curl
45
Tanner stage 4p
Pubic hair like adult, but does not extend any farther than inguinal fold
46
Tanner stage 5p
Adult distribution, hair spreads to thighs but not up
47
Tanner stage 6p
Hair going up linea alba
48
Tanner stage 1g
Testes, scrotum and penis the size of young child
49
Tanner stage 2g
Enlargement of scrotum and testes
50
Tanner stage 3g
Enlargement of penis and testes which are now in scrotum
51
Tanner stage 4g
Continued enlargement of penis and sculpting of the glans(not quite adult)
52
Tanner stage 5g
Penis reaching towards the bottom of the scrotum
53
Testicular tumor
found in the testicles, most are germ cell cancers. Painless mass
54
Epispadias
A rare birth defect of the penis in which the urethra ends in an opening on the upper aspect of the penis
55
Indirect inguinal hernia
soft swelling in area of internal ring, comes down canal and touches fingertip on exam
56
Direct inguinal hernia
bulge in area of Hesselbach triangle, bulges anteriorly pushes against side of finger on exam
57
Femoral hernia
Occurs farther down the grown, not felt in inguinal canal exam.
58
cryptorchidism
Absence of one or both testes from the scrotum. most common birth defect in men

PD Block 2 (6 decks)

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