Geographical Issues + Coastal Management Flashcards

(16 cards)

1
Q

What are the six major issues in Australia?

A
  • coastal management
  • air quality
  • land and water management
  • spatial inequality
  • waste management
  • urban growth and decline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many kilometres of coast does Australia have?

A

37,000 km

11,000 beaches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why do coastal environments need to be managed? (5)

A
  • 9/10 live within 50km of coast
  • 2030: 21 million near coast
  • tourism destination
  • industry: transport and ports
  • produces 50% of GDP
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the key features of the coastal environment? (3)

A
  • interface
  • coastal zone
  • water environments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is an EIS?

A

Environmental Impact Statement

  • shows likely physical, social and economic impacts on environments (when developing on coast)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some possible solutions to erosion? (6)

A
  • sea wall
  • groyne
  • rip rap
  • beach nourishment
  • dune regeneration
  • marsh creation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How are coastal landforms formed? (2)

A

Erosion and deposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How are sand dunes formed?

A

Wind blows dry sand into back of the beach, which is then trapped and stabilised by vegetation such as spinifex.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the difference between constructive and destructive waves?

A

Constructive are small and carry materials into swash and deposit, while destructive waves are large and erode.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is sediment transported? (5)

A
  • waves
  • long shore drift
  • rips
  • tides
  • storm surges
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Are beaches formed by constructive or destructive waves?

A

Constructive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How are waves formed?

A

Wind blows over the ocean, can originate kilometres away from the coast.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What three factors does the size of a wave depend on?

A
  • wind speed
  • distance travelled by wind
  • duration of time the wind blows
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How are lagoons formed?

A

Sediments are deposited into the beach in a place sheltered from strong winds and wave attack.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How are dune blowouts formed?

A

Waves are refracted toward a headland and release energy either side of it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are estuaries?

A

Waterways where a river meets the sea