Geology Flashcards
(23 cards)
Magma
A very hot substance that is below the surface
Lava
Magma that has hit the surface
Extrusive
Rocks that have escaped out of the volcano and have formed in the air or ground
Intrusive
Rocks that did not have enough energy to escape the volcano and formed inside
Igneous
A rock that is solidified from lava or magma
Mineral
A substance that are formed into rocks
Lithosphere
The first layer of the earth
Asthenosphere
The second layer of the earth
Crystal
A solid material
Sedimentary Rocks
Rock that has formed through the deposition and solidification of sediment, especially
Erosian
the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.
Sandstone
a sedimentary rock consisting of sand or quartz grains cemented together
Shale
sedimentary rock that formed from mud or clay
Siltstone
a sedimentary rock consisting of consolidated silt.
Limestone
a hard sedimentary rock used mostly in making the benchtops
Coal
a black or dark brown rock consisting chiefly of carbonized plant matter found mainly in underground seams and used as fuel.
Rock Salt
common salt occurring naturally as a mineral
Metamorphic Rocks
A rock that is changed because it has been exposed to heat and pressure
Metamorphism
Is the change of minerals that have been effected by heat and pressure
Ore
A naturally occurring solid material
Open-Cut Mining
mining technique that is above ground
Underground Mining
Mining technique that is below the ground
Environmental Impact Statement
Is a document required by the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for certain actions
