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FINALS > GERIATRICS > Flashcards

GERIATRICS Flashcards

1
Q

characterized by the early appearance of aphasia, difficulties with calculation, and memory loss

A

Cortical Dementia

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2
Q

PROGRESSIVE DETERIORATION OF MEMORY AND COGNITION that is due to general medical condition or substance induced.
In dementia cognitive deficits should be apparent even with clarity of consciousness.

A

DEMENTIA

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3
Q

A sensorineural hearing loss of unclear
cause. Typically bilateral, with difficulty hearing
high-pitched tones and conversational
speech

A

Presbycusis

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4
Q

Decreased sense of smell due to aging - declines by 60s to 70s

A

Hyposmia

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5
Q

Decrease in taste

A

Hypoguesia

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6
Q

Inflammation of gums extending to the
underlying tissue, roots of tooth shrinks,
and the gingiva retracts

A

Peridontal Disease

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7
Q

Are saclike protrusion of the mucosa along
the GI tract. Resulting from increased intraluminal
pressure

A

Diverticula

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8
Q

the presence of multiple diverticula that
are not inflamed. Mostly symptom free; vague abdominal
discomfort, constipation or diarrhea

A

Diverticulosis

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9
Q

inflammation of/or around a
diverticular sac caused by retention of
undigested food, stool and bacteria

A

Diverticulitis

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10
Q

Symptoms of older adult with diverticulitis

A

Afebrile and little abdominal discomfort
Complicates to perforation, peritonitis

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11
Q

Diagnostic test used for diverticulitis

A

Barium enema

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12
Q

Common type among frail older male
adults. a sudden elimination of urine due to
abnormal detrusor contraction (overactive
bladder)

A

Urge Incontinence

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13
Q

Involuntary loss of urine due to sudden
increase in intra abdominal pressure or
due to intravesical pressure exceeds
urethral resistance. Results from lack of estrogen, obesity,
previous vaginal deliveries or surgery

A

Stress Incontinence

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14
Q

Occurs when in a chronically full bladder;
bladder pressure rises to a level higher
than
urethral
resistance,
involuntary loss of urine

A

Overflow Incontinence

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15
Q

Inability to sense the urge to void or
control urine flow. Due to cerebral cortex lesion, multiple
sclerosis, dementia and other disturbances
along neural pathways

A

Reflex/Neurogenic Incontinence

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16
Q

Results
from physical, mental,
psychological, or environmental factors
interfering with the ability to make it to the
toilet on time. The patient as no physical ability to go to
the CR

A

Functional Incontinence

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17
Q

Adopt a gradually expanding
voiding schedule with the goal of 2
to 4 hours between toileting

A

Bladder Training

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18
Q

Alternating contraction relaxation and
of the muscles (pubococcygeal) of the pelvic floor. Practice at least 45 times a day
(lying, sitting and standing)

A

Kegel Exercise

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19
Q

The patient is assisted in voiding on
regular, preset schedule

A

Scheduled Toileting

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20
Q

Types of Cognitive Impaired elderly client

A
  1. Schedules Training
  2. Habit Training - PURT
  3. Prompted Training
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21
Q

Initially assess the patient’s
baseline voiding pattern,
then the patient is assisted
in voiding at the established
times

A

PURT - Patterned Urge response training (Habit Training)

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22
Q

Patients are approached on a
regular schedule, asked if they are
wet or dry, and then prompted to
use the toilet.

A

Prompted Voiding

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23
Q

due to inadequate
perfusion; no parenchymal damage;
restoring perfusion would restore renal
function

A

Prerenal Failure

24
Q

occurs as a
result of abnormalities within the kidneys. Acute
tubular necrosis most
common cause

A

Intrarenal

25
Q

results from an
obstructive or mechanical process in the
urinary tract that interferes with the
outflow of urine.

A

Post Renal Failure

26
Q

Determine what stages of kidney damage: GFR >90

A

Stage 1

27
Q

Determine what stages of kidney damage: GFR 60 ml and 89 ml

A

Stage 2

28
Q

Determine what stages of kidney damage: GFR 30ml and 59ml

A

Stage 3

29
Q

Determine what stages of kidney damage: GFR 15ml and 29ml

A

Stage 4

30
Q

Determine what stages of kidney damage: GFR less than 15ml

A

Stage 5

31
Q

Determine what stages of kidney damage: GFR less than 15ml

A

Stage 5

32
Q

CKD stage 4 and 5 Manifestations

A

Edema, weakness and fatigue
Dry skin and pruritus
Anorexia, nausea
Signs of anemia

33
Q

prevent or retard
deterioration in remaining renal function
and to assist the body in compensating for
the existing impairment

A

Conservative treatment

34
Q

Signs of Peritonitis

A

abdominal pain,
fever, cloudy dialysate output

35
Q

Complication of Hemodialysis

A

SOB, Tachycardia and High BP

36
Q

Complication of Peritoneal Dialysis

A

Perotinitis

37
Q

Complication of Peritoneal Dialysis

A

Perotinitis

38
Q

vulvar infection associated with atrophy
primary symptoms: pruritus

A

Senile Vulvitis

39
Q

vulvar infection associated with atrophy
primary symptoms: pruritus

A

Senile Vulvitis

40
Q

thinning drying and inflammation of the
vaginal wall

A

Senile Vaginitis

41
Q

Manifestations of Senile Vanginitis

A

soreness, burning sensation accompanied
by foul vaginal discharges

42
Q

age related enlargement of the prostate
gland that constrict the urethra and
obstructs the outflow of urine

A

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

43
Q

Decline in the biosynthesis and balance of
their sex hormones (FSH and estrogen)
Hypothalamus-anterior
pituitary-ovary
system declines

A

Menopause

44
Q

Symptoms of Menopause

A

Hot flashes, night sweats, depression and
sexual dysfunction

45
Q

a decline in testosterone levels and
eventual deficiency significant enough to
cause clinical symptoms

A

Andropause

46
Q

Most common dermatologic complaint of
older adults. Common cause is xerosis (dry skin)

A

Pruritus

47
Q

Skin changes resulting from exposure to
ultraviolet rays

A

Photoaging (Solar Elastosis)

48
Q

Three major skin cancer

A

Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Melanoma

49
Q

Previously called pressure ulcer. Tissue anoxia, and ischemia due to
pressure can cause necrosis, sloughing, and
ulceration of tissue.

A

Pressure Injury

50
Q

Nearsightedness

A

Myopia

51
Q

Farsightedness

A

Presbyopia

52
Q

age-related “Senile cataracts” due to
oxidative damage to lens protein that
occurs with aging.

A

Cataract

53
Q

Pupillary blockage that limits flow of
aqueous humor, causing a rise in
intraocular pressure (IOP) which damages
the optic nerve

A

Glaucoma

54
Q

leading cause of blindness among older
adult in US. central visual acuity declines; peripheral
vision is retained

A

AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION

55
Q

A sensorineural hearing loss of unclear
cause. Typically bilateral, with difficulty hearing
high-pitched tones and conversational
speech

A

Presbycusis

56
Q

Reduced sense of smell

A

Hyposmia

57
Q

Decreased in taste

A

Hypoguesia

FINALS (3 decks)

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