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Valley Need to knows > Geriatrics > Flashcards

Geriatrics Flashcards

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1
Q

aging is characterized by a varying, progressive loss of functional reserve in what organs

A

ALL

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2
Q

CV function declines ___% from 20-80yo

A

50%

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3
Q

peripheral vasculature has increased wall thickness, increased diameter, and consequent stiffening of the aorta and large arteries, leading to less ability to vasodilator. this all means what

A

arteries are less compliant

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4
Q

_______ is common d/t poorly complaint blood vessels, decreased CO, and increased Peripheral vascular resistance

A

Systemic HTN

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5
Q

Myocardial changes include what?

A

increased LV wall thickness
decreased myocardial compliance
thickening of aortic valve cusps

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6
Q

LV hypertrophy results from increased ______, secondary to elevated peripheral vascular resistance

A

Afterload

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7
Q

impaired myocardial pump function and reduced CO will prolong what?

A

circulation time (that is circulation time increases)

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8
Q

increased circulation time causes a decreased perfusion to the vessel rich group such as the

A

brain
heart
liver

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9
Q

what happens to the lung volume and capacity in the elderly:
RV

A

INCREASE

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10
Q

what happens to the lung volume and capacity in the elderly:
ERV

A

DECREASE

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11
Q

what happens to the lung volume and capacity in the elderly:
FRC

A

INCREASES

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12
Q

what happens to the lung volume and capacity in the elderly:
CC

A

INCREASES

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13
Q

what happens to the lung volume and capacity in the elderly:
IC

A

DECREASED

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14
Q

what happens to the lung volume and capacity in the elderly:
VC

A

DECREASED

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15
Q

what happens to the lung volume and capacity in the elderly:
TLC

A

NO CHANGE

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16
Q

the reduction in elastic tissue along with an increased amount of college equals a ___% reduction in functional alveolar surface area by age 70

A

15%

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17
Q

what happens to CBF and brain mass

A

decrease about 20-30% (by age 80)

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18
Q

what happens to cerebral auto regulation of blood flow

A

nothing-it is preserved

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19
Q

what happens to intracranial volume?

A

decreases

- the most rapid reduction occurring in gray matter

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20
Q

what happens to sensory block with spinals

A

increases

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21
Q

Do you need to increases or decrease the dosing for epidural segmental dosing

A

decrease

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22
Q

what happens to the doses for local and general anesthestics

A

decrease

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23
Q

epidural volume tends to result in more extensive ___ spread

A

cephalad

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24
Q

epidural volume tends to result in more extensive cephalad spread, but accompanied by a shorter _______ and _____

A

duration

motor block

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25
what happens to spinal anesthetics duration of action
longer
26
what happens to MAC requirements
decreased MAC requirements
27
what happens to the dose requirements of opioids, bento's, barb's, LA
all decreases
28
what are 2 complications the elderly may face postop
POCD | Postop delerium
29
Pharmacology: | administration of a ___-soluble drug may lead to a concentrated drug and quick effects, bc the Vd is SMALL
water
30
Pharmacology: | if you admits a ____-solube drug you will get a lower plasma concentration and a decreased rate of elimination
Lipid
31
Pharmacology: I'll state the change and you give the anesthetic consequence: Decreased/contracted vascular volume
high initial plasma concentration
32
Pharmacology: I'll state the change and you give the anesthetic consequence: decreased protein binding
increased availability of free drug
33
Pharmacology: I'll state the change and you give the anesthetic consequence: increased body lipid storage sites
prolonged action of lipid soluble drugs
34
Pharmacology: I'll state the change and you give the anesthetic consequence: decreased renal and hepatic blood flow
prolonged action of drugs dependent on kidney and liver for elimination
35
Pharmacology: | what are the only 2 real drugs that you have to increase the dose of and why
atropine- d/t increased vagal tone | isoproterenol (beta agonist)- adrenergic sensitivity decreases
36
CV summary: increase or decrease | LV thivkness
increase
37
CV summary: increase or decrease | LV hypertrophy
increase
38
CV summary: increase or decrease | cardiac reserve
decrease
39
CV summary: increase or decrease | cardiac output
decrease
40
CV summary: increase or decrease | cardiax index
decrease
41
CV summary: increase or decrease | resting HR
decrease
42
CV summary: increase or decrease | LV wall tension
increase
43
CV summary: increase or decrease | afterload
increase
44
CV summary: increase or decrease | CV workload
increase
45
CV summary: increase or decrease | SYSTOLIC bp
increase
46
CV summary: increase or decrease | LV compliance
decrease
47
CV summary: increase or decrease | stroke volume
decrease
48
CV summary: increase or decrease | perfusion to vital organs
decrease
49
CV summary: increase or decrease | peripheral vascular resistance
increases
50
CV summary: increase or decrease | circulation time
increases
51
CV summary: increase or decrease | chronotropic and inotropic effects
decreases
52
CV summary: increase or decrease | conduction fibrosis and SA node cell loss
increases
53
CV summary: increase or decrease | incidence of dysrhythmias
increases
54
CV summary: increase or decrease | Vagal tone
increases
55
CV summary: increase or decrease | Baroreceptor fiunction
decreases
56
CV summary: increase or decrease | Adreergic sensitivity
decreases
57
CV summary: increase or decrease | systolic HTN
increases
58
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | vocal cord stimulation for closure
increases
59
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | elastin fiber elasticity
decreeases
60
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | tissue elasticity
decreases
61
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | Lung recoil
decreases
62
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | Airway obstruction
increases
63
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | risk of aspiration
increases
64
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | Pulmonary compliances
increases
65
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | Physiological deadspace
increases
66
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | alveolar functional surface area
decreases
67
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | ability to cough
decrease
68
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | chest wall compliance
decrease
69
``` Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease Vital Capacity (VC) ```
decreases
70
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | work of breathing
increaes
71
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | hypoxia potential
increases
72
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | FRC
increases
73
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | Hypoxia and hypercapnia responses
decreases
74
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | protective reflexes
decreases
75
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | Closing volume and closing capacity
increases
76
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | Alveolar compliance
increases
77
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | opiod respiratory depression
increases
78
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | Cervical spine and TMJ mobilty
decreass
79
Pulmonary summary: increase or decrease | ease of mask ventilation
decreases

Valley Need to knows (25 decks)

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