Germ Layer Qs

Question 1

notochord is also known as _____.

Answer 1

axial mesoderm

Question 2

skin over the spine (dorsal ramus sensory innervation) derived from

Answer 2

dermatome (paraxial mesoderm)

Question 3

epithelia of gut derived from ____

Answer 3

endoderm

Question 4

lung epithelia derived from ____

Answer 4

endoderm

Question 5

liver epithelia derived from ____

Answer 5

endoderm

Question 6

pancreas epithelia derived from ____

Answer 6

endoderm

Question 7

trachea epithelia derived from ____

Answer 7

endoderm

Question 8

back muscles close to the spine (dorsal ramus motor innervation) derived from

Answer 8

epimere (of the myotome, paraxial mesoderm)

Question 9

Tissue type derived from all three germ layers

Answer 9

epithelia

Question 10

cleft palate may indicate ____ defects due to similar embryolgic origin

Answer 10

heart (neural crest)

Question 11

body and limb muscles (excluding back muscles close to spine) derived from

Answer 11

hypomere (of the myotome, paraxial mesoderm)

Question 12

kidneys derived from ______

Answer 12

intermediate mesoderm

Question 13

gonads derived from _________

Answer 13

intermediate mesoderm

Question 14

ducts derived from ________

Answer 14

intermediate mesoderm

Question 15

striated skeletal muscle derived from

Answer 15

myotome (paraxial mesoderm)

Question 16

Four basic tissue types

Answer 16

nerve, muscle, connective tissue, epithelia

Question 17

Connective tissue in head derived from ____.

Answer 17

neural crest

Question 18

axons of motor neurons with cell bodies in the CNS derived from ____

Answer 18

neural crest

Question 19

PNS neurons and glial cells derived from ___

Answer 19

neural crest

Question 20

pigment cells (melanocytes) in skin derived from ____

Answer 20

neural crest

Question 21

adrenal medulla derived from _____

Answer 21

neural crest

Question 22

tooth dentine derived from _____

Answer 22

neural crest

Question 23

great vessels of the heart derived from ____

Answer 23

neural crest (some) and splanchnic lateral plate mesoderm (most)

Question 24

CNS neurons and glial cells derived from ____

Answer 24

neural tube

Question 25

somites are derived from _____.

Answer 25

paraxial mesoderm

Question 26

vertebrae are derived from

Answer 26

sclerotome (paraxial mesoderm)

Question 27

ribs are derived from ____

Answer 27

sclerotome (paraxial mesoderm)

Question 28

each somite has 3 parts: ____, ____, ____.

Answer 28

sclerotome, dermatome, myotome

Question 29

outer tube connective tissues, blood vessels, smooth muscle derived from _____

Answer 29

somatic lateral plate mesoderm

Question 30

parietal peritoneum, parietal peura, parietal pericardium derived from _____

Answer 30

somatic lateral plate mesoderm

Question 31

inner tube connective tissues, blood vessles, smooth muscle derived from _____

Answer 31

splanchnic lateral plate mesoderm

Question 32

visceral peritoneum, visceral pleura, visceral pericardium derived from ____

Answer 32

splanchnic lateral plate mesoderm

Question 33

mesentaries derived from _____

Answer 33

splanchnic lateral plate mesoderm

Question 34

smooth muscle of stomach wall derived from ____

Answer 34

splanchnic lateral plate mesoderm

Question 35

epidermis derived from ____

Answer 35

surface ectoderm

Question 36

hair derived from____

Answer 36

surface ectoderm

Question 37

sweat glands derived from _____

Answer 37

surface ectoderm

Question 38

tooth enamel derived from ____

Answer 38

surface ectoderm

Question 39

body and limb muscles receive ______ ramus innervation

Answer 39

ventral

Question 40

The bicep muscle is derived from the _ of the _ of the _, which originally derives from the _.

Answer 40

hypomere; myotome; paraxial mesoderm; epiblast

Question 41

Where are the a) blood vessels, b) connective tissue, and c) motor neurons of the bicep muscle derived from?

Answer 41

a. Somatic/Splanchnic LPM b. Somatic/Spanchnic LPM c. Neural tube ectoderm

Question 42

When receiving a glucose screen (aka fingerprick), a patient feels a painful sensation. The nerve cells that first sense this finger pain are derived from _, and the signal is sent to the spinal cord and brain, which are derived from _.

Answer 42

neural crest cells; (neural tube) ectoderm

Question 43

The peritoneum is a bilayered membrane that partly surrounds the abdominal viscera; in between the two layers is the peritoneal space. The visceral peritoneum covers the surface of most abdominal organs, and is thus made of _. The parietal peritoneum lines the abdominal cavity, and is thus made of _.

Answer 43

splanchnic lateral plate mesoderm; somatic lateral plate mesoderm

Question 44

A patient has broken both his ribs and his humerus (arm bone!) in a car accident. Which two germ layers (exactly) have been affected?

Answer 44

sclerotome of the paraxial mesoderm

Question 45

Sensory (autonomic) neurons in the leg are derived from _ whereas motor neurons in the leg are derived from _.

Answer 45

neural crest cells; neural tube/ectoderm

Question 46

Skeletal muscle is only found in the _ tube, whereas smooth muscle is found _.

Answer 46

outer; inner and outer (in the blood vessels!- inner tube structure in the outer tube)

Question 47

A newborn has a genetic defect that has altered the formation of his intermediate mesoderm. While many genitourinary organs will be effected, the _ will not be.

Answer 47

Bladder