Germany Flashcards
(163 cards)
1
Q
In what order did the final events of WW1 take place
A
9th of Nov (KW abdicates and WR is formed)
11th of Nov (WW1 ends and WR signs the armistice)
2
Q
Why was Kaiser Wilhelm II not very popular?
A
He was a dictator
3
Q
When did Kaiser Wilhelm abdicate and what was the result
A
1918 (end of ww1) when his empire was demolished
4
Q
What was interesting about the way Kaiser Wilhelm was born
A
He was born breached with a paralysed arm. He blamed his mother and the English doctors for his liability. He also had psychological problems and feared weakness
5
Q
Who were Kaiser Wilhelm’s cousins
A
Tsar Nicholas II and George V
6
Q
What were Wilhelm’s aspirations for Germany when he became Kaiser and how did he do this?
A
Wanted to make Germany as great as Britian (strongest country at the time).
Used industrialisation (building up German industry) and militariansim
7
Q
How and why did Wilhelm II build up his army
A
He wanted Germany to be great so he introduced naval laws 1898 and 1912 to build up his army and compete in the naval race.
He also introduced compulsory conscription in 1913
8
Q
What new party went against the Kaiser
A
Social Democratic Party (SDP) who believed in socialism and wanted the kaiser and powerful people to share their social wealth.
Didn’t like the working conditions so they joined trade unions.
1 in 3 Germans vited for them
9
Q
What did the Kaiser do during WW1 that upset the people
A
He raised taxes
10
Q
What can the Kaiser do?
A
Rule as a king so they can control the army, and foreign affairs, change the chancellor, and remove the Reichstag
11
Q
What is militarianism?
A
Strengthening Germany’s army to influence foreign relations
12
Q
How was life for people working under the Kaiser
A
Iron and coal industrialization led to more opportunities, worse working conditions, and less upper-class power.
This led to a rise in the SDP (social democratic party) Reichstag seats and trade unions. (3.3 mil in trade unions)
13
Q
What did the Kaiser do to improve workers’ lives and what was the result?
A
Workers Protection Act of 1981 to improve workers’ safety
The SDP lost seats in the Reichstag.
14
Q
What political status did Germany fall under after KW abdicated and what was it called?
A
Democracy, Weimar Republic
15
Q
What were some German views on the armistice
A
They saw it as a sign of weakness from the government
16
Q
What are the reasons the ToV was harsh (LAMB)
A
Land lost (13% and mandates and the Saar) annexations
Army (100,00 men + conscription banned + 6 ships + no marines, air, or Rhineland)
Money (£6.6B reps + mandates and Saar)
Blame (A.231)
17
Q
How were Germany’s powers constructed?
A
1st -> President
2nd -> Reichstag
3rd -> Reichstrat
18
Q
Role of the President (5)
A
Elected every 7 years, allocated the chancellor, is the head of the army and can suspend the Reichstag
Article 48
19
Q
Role of the Reichstag (2)
A
Elected every 4 years through proportional representation (so all parties were guaranteed some seats resulting in opposing opinions)
20
Q
Role of the Reichstrat (2)
A
Members from each local region
Less powerful than the Reichstag so it’d relay their messages
21
Q
How did German votes change (3)
A
Proportional representation
Women could vote for the first time
The voting age was lowered to 20
22
Q
How did Germans feel about the signing of the ToV
A
Weimar were named Nov Criminals
They were upset it was a diktat (expected 14 Points)
Germans felt cheated by Weimar and thought they could’ve won the war
The treaty harmed the republic’s popularity and created political and economic unrest which hindered the gov (to its downfall)
23
Q
Who are the Freikorps
A
Right-winged ex-soldiers who hated communists
24
Q
When and what was the Spartacist Revolt
A
The extreme left revolt took place in January 1919. Communists attempted to take over Berlin and 50,000 workers went on strike to support the communists. The Freikorps helped stop them and over 100 were killed.
25
When and what was the Kapp Putsch
The extreme right revolt took place in March 1920. Wolfgang Kapp led a revolt (with the Freikorps) for a new right-winged gov. German workers opposed the putsch and Kapp was forced to give up
26
What was a cause of the Kapp Putsch
Dr. Wolfgang Kapp was upset that the government disbanded the Freikorps after they assisted in stopping the Kapp Putsch.
27
When and what was the Munich Putsch
The right-winged Nazi revolt took place in November 1923.
Hitler's soldiers occupied a beer hall in the Bavarian city of Munich where government leaders were meeting. He announced the start of the revolt.
The next day he marched into Munich with the SA but news was leaked to the police who waited for Hitler and collapsed the revolt.
28
When was the Nazi Party founded
1920
29
When did Hitler become the leader of the Nazi Party
1921
30
What were the aims of the Nazis
They aimed to improve health, and education and raise pensions for the true Germans
31
How did the Nazis feel about the ToV
They rejected the ToV as they stood for German greatness
32
When did Hitler found the SA and who were they?
The storm troopers were founded in 1921 and they were Hitler's army militia
33
What did the SA do
They were ex-soldiers and political thugs who carried out anti-Semitic attacks and intimidated rival political groups.
34
Why did the Weimar Republic become weak in 1923
The situation in Germany worsened as hyperinflation peaked and there were food riots. Germans were also upset about the French and Belgian invasion of the Ruhr in Jan 1923
35
What was the Ruhr
The richest industrial part of Germany, access to Germany's iron and coal reserves
36
Why did France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr and what was the result
Germany had stopped paying their reparations. Germans in the Ruhr went on strike.
37
What was the later result of the occupation of the Ruhr
Germany started printing more money to pay the reparations, which led to hyperinflation
38
What is a statistic for hyperinflation?
In 1918 an egg cost 1/4 of a mark but in 1923 it cost 80 million marks
39
What was the impact of hyperinflation? (2)
The German currency became useless so no country wanted to trade with them, and savings for the people became useless so pensioners struggled.
This led to more people wanting a strong leader
40
Who was Gustav Stresemann
He was the Chancellor of the Republic from Aug-Nov 1923.
41
What did GS do in his time as Chancellor (2)
In Sep, he ended the strike in the Ruhr to reduce tension between Ger, Fra, and Bel.
In Nov he changed the currency to Rentenmark
42
What and when was the Dawes Plan
The Dawes Plan of 1924 was a £40mil loan from the USA and an agreement that Germany would start paying more realistically
43
What and when was the Young Plan
The Young Plan of 1929 was an agreement that the Allies would lower the reparations to 1/4 of its original amount and give Germany 59 years to pay them
44
What and when was the Locarno Pact
The Locarno Pact of 1925 meant that Germany, France, and Belgium all agreed to respect their borders
45
When did Germany join the LoN
1926, they were re-established as a national power (who could be trusted)
46
What and when was the Kellog Briand Pact
The Kellog Briand Pact of 1928 was a treaty signed by Germany and 65 other countries as a promise not to use violence to settle any disputes
47
Why was it not a good idea to rely on America financially
After Streseman died in Oct 29, the Wall Street Crash followed and his plan for the recovery of Germany relied on the economic stability of the US
48
What 3 things improved in the Golden Years
Unemployment, Wages, and Housing
49
How did unemployment improve?
The unemployed had better protection (insurance by the gov) so they could receive cash benefits
50
How did housing improve?
A massive housing project was launched and the government built 2 million homes between 1924 and 31
51
How did the wages improve?
Wages for industrial workers rose in the late 1920s
52
How did the Golden Era change the lives of women? (4)
Employment increased as they proved they were capable of working after the war.
They were given political freedom. They could vote and enter politics more easily and women began being elected into the Reichstag. 12 between 1919 and 1932
Traditional gender roles began to change, and women's sports clubs and societies evolved
Divorce rates increased as it became easier to have one
53
What other advances were there in the Golden Era
Advances in art, literature, theatre, cinema, and cabaret culture. Critical thinking was also encouraged in places like Frankfurt University
54
When was the Wall Street Crash
October 1929
55
Why was the WSC bad for Germany
Germany's recovery was built on the foundation of the USA's economic help in the form of loans. The USA could not afford to give any more loans and asked for some to be repaid. Germany's economy collapsed
56
What were the results of the WSC in Germany? (4)
Factories and banks had closed and industrial production declined.
Unemployment rose: from 1.6mil in 1929 to 6 mil in 1932
The government cut unemployment benefits
The popularity of extreme groups rose
57
What 2 parties fought for German votes during the GD and how?
The Nazis and KDP (communists). They promised to represent workers' needs for a fair Germany and unemployed Germans supported them. The Nazi party grew a lot faster than the KDP
58
Who specifically did the Nazis appeal to (3)
Wealthy businessmen, unemployed people, and young people looking for a brighter future
59
For what other reason did people support the Nazis
Their anti-communist and anti-semitic views. Many used them as scapegoats for the (economic) problems in Germany
60
How did the SA appeal to Germans
It gave the Nazis a military feel of organization and discipline, which the people wanted
61
How did Hitler's speeches help the Nazis
He presented patriotic views with enthusiasm so many people listened to him. He came across as a strong leader.
62
How many seats did the Nazis win in the Reichstag in July 1932
230 (more than any other party)
63
Who won the election as President and what did Hitler want from them
Hindenburg was reelected Pres and Hitler demanded to be made Chancellor but Hindenburg didn't trust him
64
How many seats did the Nazis lose in Nov 32
34
65
What deal did Hitler make with Franz Von Papen
He said if Von Papen could get Hindenburg to make Hitler Chancellor then Hitler would make VP Vice Chancellor
66
When Hindenburg made Hitler Chancellor what did he hope (2)
He hoped Hitler would be less extreme when he was in power and that he could not repair the economy (so Hindenburg might be able to regain power and popularity)
67
What did Hitler do with his power
He called for another election in March 1933, hoping to make the Nazis stronger
68
What did the Nazis do in the March 1933 elections? (3)
They controlled the news and media and opposition meetings were banned
They used the SA to terrorize opponents
Hitler used the Reichstag Fire to his advantage as he blamed communists and was given emergency powers which he used to intimidate them
69
How did the March 1933 election end
Nazis won 288 seats but they didn't have an overall majority so Hitler made the Communist Party (with 81 seats) illegal
70
What was the result of the Nazis being the majority in the Reichstag
Hitler could pass the Enabling Act which gave him the right to make laws without the Reichstag's approval for the next four years
71
What other 2 things did Hitler do in 1933
Banned trade unions and later banned all other parties so Germany became a one-party state
72
When was the Night of the Long Knives
June 1934
73
How did Hitler now feel about the SA and why
He now saw them as a threat as they were very loyal to the current leader Ernst Rohm. Hitler feared he was becoming too powerful as the SA was larger than the German army
74
What happened in the Night of the Long Knives
Hitler sent men to kill or arrest Rohm and some other political opponents. He killed 400 people over 4 days.
75
What was Hitler's excuse for TNOTLK and what did this night show
He claimed those he killed were plotting to overthrow the gov. This showed Hitler was above the law and presented his brutality and ruthlessness.
76
How and when did Hitler fully take power?
Hindenburg died in August 1934 so Hitler combined the posts of Chancellor and President and made himself the Fuhrer. This marked the beginning of his dictatorship
77
Who was Joseph Goebbels (2)
He was a Reichsleiter (someone who advised Hitler) and was the chief of police
78
When and why did France and Belgium invade the Ruhr
Jan 1923 as Germany did not make their 1922 rep payments
79
What is significant about the Ruhr
It was Germany’s main industrial area with
goods, such as coal.
80
What was the result of the invasion of the Ruhr?
Germans went on strike and the gov had to pay them to do so (hyperinflation)
81
How much did bread cost as a result of hyperinflation to pay strikers in the Ruhr
201 billion marks
82
Who suffered the most from hyperinflation
Middle-class and elderly (due to their saving being useless)
83
When was hyperinflation most prevalent
Nov 1923
84
What did Hitler do in Nov 1923
He attempted his Munich Putsch
85
What happened in the Munich Putsch
600 Nazis stormed the Bavarian hall where leaders were having a meeting and announced the Putsch. The police found out about this revolt and shot and arrested Hitler and many other Nazis
86
What was the result of Hitler's trial
He gained a lot of publicity and was favored by the Weimar judges.
9month sentence instead of 5 years
Allowed to speak for 2 hours
Was put in a lavish cell and allowed visitors
Allowed to write his book, Mein Kampf
Came up with the Reichstag principle
87
When did hyperinflation end
Nov/Dec 23
88
Who was Gustav Stresemann
Gustav Stresemann was Germany’s Chancellor in 1923-4 and her Foreign Secretary after that.
89
How did he help Germany economically
Replaced the old currency with the Rentenmark
Dawes Plan 1924 (800,000,000 mark loan from the USA)
Young Plan 1929 (reduced Reparations payments by 67%)
90
How did he help Germany's international relations
He made Germany sign the Kellog-Briand and Locarno treaties as well as join the League of Nations
91
When was the Great Wall Street Crash
1929
92
What was the result of the GWSC for Germany
The USA recalled their loans so German unemployment peaked at 6 million and the government couldn't support the unemployed, instead they raised taxes and cut wages so many ended up homeless
93
When was the Nazi Party banned and unbanned
After the MP and in Feb24
94
What groups did Hitler create in 1926 and what were their roles
The SS who were his private bodyguards and the Hitler Youth who were to grow and become Nazi soldiers
95
What did the Nazis promise to people during the rise in unemployment?
"Work and Bread"
96
How did the Nazis use propaganda
They owned 120 daily and weekly newspapers and they made radios really cheap so everyone could hear Hitler's speeches and rallies
97
How did the SA appeal to German citizens compared to the Weimar
Weimar was very disorganized and unable to solve the problems in Germany so Hindenburg had to run the country on Article 48 a lot whereas the SA presented themselves as very organized as they marched through towns and cities in their smart uniforms
The SA would also beat up opposition to the Nazis such as Communists. There were countless battles between the SA and the Red Front Fighters (the Communist private army). Hitler showed the Germans that the Communists were violent and the SA could deal with them.
98
How many seats did the Nazis have throughout the years
1928: 12 seats.
1930: 107 seats.
July 1932: 230 seats (the Nazis were the largest political party,37%, but they did not have a majority in the Reichstag).
Nov 1932: 196 seats (The SA’s campaign of violence began to have a negative impact and the vote reduced to 33%).
99
How did Hitler try to become Chancellor
He asked Hindenburg (Pres) but he did not trust Hitler so he refused
100
Who did Hindenburg make Chancellor instead
Von Papen
101
What was the problem with Von Papen being chancellor
He was not the leader of the most prevalent political party so it was hard to run the country as he could not pass the law without a majority vote
102
Who did Hindenburg choose as Chancellor after Von Papen
Von Schleicher
103
What was the problem with VS
He also could not get a majority vote in the Reichstag so Hindenburg had to keep ruling with Article 48
104
How did VP politically scheme to get back into power
He met with Hitler in January 1933.
They decided that von Papen would help Hitler become Chancellor if Hitler made von Papen vice Chancellor.
Von Papen convinced Hindenburg that he could control Hitler.
105
When did Hindenburg make Hitler chancellor
January 1933
106
What was Hitler's problem when he became chancellor and what did he do as a result
He did not have a majority in the Reichstag so he called for another vote in March 1933
107
With details, what happened before the Mar33 election
Reichstag building was set on fire in February 33.
Some think it was the Nazis but they arrested Marinus van derLubbe, a Dutch Communist.
Hitler and the Nazis then claimed that the
Communists were about to stage a takeover of Germany.
Hitler then persuaded Hindenburg to sign
the ‘Decree for the Protection of the
People and State’. This allowed the Nazis
to imprison large numbers of their political opponents, mainly the Communists. The Communist and Socialists newspapers were also banned.
This helped the Nazis as their main rivals found it difficult to campaign in theweek before the election and lots of Germans were worried about voting for the Communists.
108
What was the result of the Mar33 election
The Nazis increased their votes to 288 but still did not have the majority
109
What did Hitler do because he did not have a majority in the Reichstag?
Hitler formed a coalition with the Nationalist Party so that he had a majority in the Reichstag and could start to get things done.
110
When did Hitler pass the Enabling Bill
March 1933
111
What tactics did Hitler use to pass the Enabling Bill
Communists Party members couldn’t vote
Anybody who was absent was counted as present and voting
in favour of the Bill
The SA intimidated members as they entered the Reichstag
Hitler made promises to the Catholics (such as no interference with Catholic schools) so that they would vote in his favour
112
What power did the Enabling Act give Hitler
He could make laws without consulting the Reichstag for the next 4 years. The Act enabled Hitler to turn Germany into a dictatorship.
113
How long did the Enabling Act last for
More than 4 years
114
What did Hitler do with his power from the enabling Act
Banned opposing parties and put leaders in concentration camps.
Banned Trade Unions.
Put Nazis in charge of all state governments.
Used fear and intimidation to make sure people didn’t
challenge the Nazis.
115
What caused the Night of the Long Knives
Hitler had now increased his control over Germany, so he turned his attention to the threats from within his own Party.
116
Why did Hitler target the SA
The SA, under their leader Röhm, became a threat due to their numbers and military training. Röhm also wanted the SA to join with the army as Hitler had previously
promised, but this scared Hitler.
117
When was the NOTLK and who killed the people chosen by Hitler
The SS killed Hitler's political rivals (like VS) and the SA members in June 1934
118
What excuse did Hitler use for NOTLK
He said he was protecting the German people from a revolt
119
When did Hindenburg die
August 1934
120
What did Hitler do when Hindenburg died
He combined the roles of Chancellor and Pres to become the Fuhrer he then made the army swear an oath of loyalty to him, rather than the country. Legally ruling the country as a dictator
121
How did Hitler tackle unemployment (7)
The government took control of prices, wages, profits and imports which stopped big businesses from running their affairs in their own way.
Jewish small businesses were closed down allowing other German small businesses to flourish.
Farmers were given help in paying off loans
By creating massive public works programmes such as the building of autobahns (motorways). Millions of men were
given jobs through this, although they were paid poorly.
Men aged 18-25 were made to join the RAD (Reich
Labour Service) for 6 months
All workers joined the DAF (German Labour Front)
which controlled the workers and settled disputes
between them and their employers
The KDF (Strength through Joy) organisation was set
up to organise the leisure time of the workers, providing
them with cheap theatre tickets, cruises, skiing holidays
and saving up for VW Beetles.
From 1935 German men began to be conscripted into
the army and more and more factories were set up for
arms production.
Women and Jews were sacked from their jobs which created jobs for the men. This was known as invisible unemployment as they were not counted in the
unemployment figures
When Hitler came to power there were 6 million people unemployed, by 1938 that had reduced to 0.5 million.
122
How did the Nazis change the lives of women
Women lost the freedom they had under the Weimar
They were expected to stay at home and be housewives
and mothers. Many women were forced to leave their jobs
The role of women can be summed up in the 3Ks; Kinder,
Kuche, Kirche which means children, cooking and church.
The Nazis encouraged women to have large families to
increase the birth rate and to ensure the future of the
master race. Medals were awarded for women who had
large numbers of children.
Lebensborns were also set up where women could ‘donate’ a baby to the Führer by becoming pregnant by racially pure SS men.
123
How did Hitler change the lives of young people
He wanted to indoctrinate them to become perfect Nazis through the Hitler Youth Movements and Education
124
How was the Hitler Youth movement structured
Boys and girls were separated and did different activities
Boys did marching, camping, weapons training,
fitness training and girls did domestic training, fitness training to be good mothers.
Both groups trained in utter loyalty to Hitler by listening to Mein Kampf, saluting the swastika, singing Nazi songs, reporting on “anti-Nazi” activities in their families and
neighbourhoods.
125
How was education changed under Hitler
New curriculum. Maths questions promoted messages of war and getting rid of minorities, History focused on the Nazi Party, Geography focused on the “Greater Germany”, Biology focused on recognising the Aryan race. Eugenics was introduced which was race studies.
New resources: History books were rewritten without German defeats, Story books were written warning children of the dangers of the Jews. (The poisonous mushrooms)
Boys were educated to be soldiers, girls educated to be mothers. They had separate timetables.
Lots of PE lessons for everyone to keep everyone fit and healthy for their new roles.
Teachers had to join the Nazi Teachers’ Association or lose their jobs.
Jewish pupils were persecuted in lessons, by students and
teachers. They had to leave German schools in 1938.
126
When did membership of the Hitler Youth become compulsory
Membership of the Hitler Youth became compulsory in 1939.
127
How many joined and refused
About 7,500,000 children were members; about 1,000,000 refused.
128
What did some youth choose to do
Some young people chose to join anti-Nazi groups like the Swing Movement and the Eidelweiss Pirates.
129
Who were the Swing Youth
Middle-class movement who listened to jazz music and
went clubbing. The Nazis were threatened by their activities so closed down the bars they were known to attend
130
Who were the Eidleweiss pirates?
Working class movement who beat up Hitler
Youth. They refused to join the Hitler Youth and instead met up in mixed groups to mock the Hitler Youth. During the war they distributed leaflets dropped by the allies. The Gestapo caught a group of pirates and they were publicly hanged.
131
Who were the White Roses?
This was started by students Hans and Sophie Scholl and Professor Kurt Huber at Munich University. They spread anti-nazi leaflets and urged Germans not to support WW2. Their activities were reported to the Gestapo by a janitor at the university and they were hanged.
132
How did Hitler present himself to the Germans and how
As the greatest saviour by setting up the "culture of the Fuhrer" and ensuring his image was always shown serving Germany
133
What did Joseoh Goebells do to help Hitler (5)
Made sure that people were bombarded with info to keep them loyal to the Nazis
Eg. posters, pictures, art exhibitions and films
Hitler's speeches were also always broadcasted on the radios and radios were cheap so everyone had them
Newspapers were banned from printing anything anti-nazi (censorship)
Great rallies were held (eg Nuremburg) to show the organisation of the party
Hitler also used the Olympic Games in 1936
134
What were the terror tactics established by Hitler?
Concentration camps (run by the SS) for anti-Nazis and political rivals
Gestapo (secret police) who ensured people's loyalty and often tortured people in the middle of the night. They would also spy on people's phone calls
135
How did the legal system help to control Nazi Germany
All judges had to become membres of the Nazi party and uphold Nazi views in court
136
How did the Nazis control people in a specific area
Germany was divided into tiny blocks of about 30-40 houses. Each block would have a Nazi living there who would keep an eye on all the families and report to the police and the Gestapo if they noticed anti-Nazi behaviour
137
How did the Hitler youth help the Nazis
They spied on their parents
138
What is the Nazi Racial Policy
Hitler believed the Aryan race were the "master race" and wanted to keep them pure
He used selective breeding and the termination of Jews to do so
139
Why do the Nazis hate the Jews
They use the Jews as scapegoats for Germany's problems such as the ToV, hyperinflation and the Great Depression
140
How did Hitler change the lives of vagrants and the homeless
They were taken to camps and re-educated to become useful German citizens
141
How did Hitler change the lives of homosexuals
They were sent to conc camps
142
How did Hitler change the lives of black people and the mentally ill
Sterilised or killed
143
What name were non ayrans given by the Nazis
Untermensch
144
What did the Nazis do to the Jews in 1933
They organised boycotts of Jewish shops and businesses
145
What did the Nazis do to the Jews in 1934
They were banned from public places like parks and swimming pools
146
What did the Nazis do to the Jews in 1935 and what was this called
The Nuremburg laws meant that they lost their German citizenship and were banned from marrying and having sex with Germans
147
What did the Nazis do to the Jews in 1938 and what was this event called
Kristallnacht was an attack on Jewish businesses, homes and synagogues killing 100 people and causing colossal damage. Many Jews were arrested and taken into conc camps
148
What happened to Jewish children after Kristallnacht
They were banned from attending school
149
How did Hitler change the church
In 1933 he signed a concordat with the Pope so the Nazis and Catholic Church agreed to keep out of each others' affairs
The Protestant Church was reorganised into the National Reich Church and given new Nazi bishops. The motto was "the swastika on our chests and the cross on our hearts". The Bible was replaced with Mein Kampf and the cross with the swastika.
150
Initially, how was life in Germany during WW2
It barely impacted people as there were many victories
Supplies had even increased as Germany Nazis took other countrys' supplies
151
What was the turning point for the war
When the Germans were defeated at Stalingrad by the Soviet Union and were forced to retreat
152
How did life then change in Germany
Major German cities (such as Dresden) began being bombed and by the end of the war 3.5 million civilians were killed
There were food shortages and rationing increased
153
What did Hitler do in Jan 1943
He created total war which meant that contenders would be ready to make any sacrifice (life or resources) to win the war.
Every industry in the country was altered to focus on war supplies
154
How we're Jews treated in the inter-war years
Rounded up and sent to ghettos (sections of cities with walls built around them) with terrible living conditions
55,000 died in the Warsaw ghetto and many died as a result of cold, hunger and disease
155
When was the Final Solution
1941
156
What was the cause of Final solution
With every victory they got they got more Jews and they weren't sure how to take care of them.
They couldn't shoot them as there were too many and it wasted Bullets
157
What was the Final solution
In Jan 1942 Nazis met at Wansee in Berlin and decided to build death camps in Poland.
6 camps were built.
Jews were separated into those who could work and those who should die immediately and were sent to gas chambers
158
How many Jews died in those camps by the end of the war
6 million
159
How did the army begin to feel about Hitler
They grew more critical of him as Germany began losing the war and there were some assassination attempts such as Operation Valkyrie
160
When did defeat for the Germans begin to look certain and by whom
From 1944 by the Soviet Union
161
When did Hitler commit suicide
30th of april
162
When did Goebells commit suicide
1st of May
163
