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Germany Flashcards

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1
Q

Where in Germany are most of the vineyards located?

A

Most of the production of wine is concentrated in the southwest of the country, along the river Rhine and its
tributaries Mosel, Ahr, Nahe

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2
Q

What is unique about the amount of wine that Germany produces?

A

Germany as a nation consumes more wine than it produces. Germany is
Europe’s largest importer of wine.

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3
Q

What is Germany’s most widely planted varietal?

A

Riesling

is Germany’s most widely planted vine, accounting for 20 percent of the vineyard area.

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4
Q

Aside from Riesling, what is Germany’s other two most widely planted whites?

A

The other main grape
varieties for white wines are Müller-Thurgau and Sylvaner, which respectively represent about 20 percent and 7
percent of the country’s total planted acreage

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5
Q

What other white varietals aside from Riesling, Muller-Thurgau and Sylvaner are planted?

A

Other white varieties include Bacchus, Elbling, Gewürztraminer,
Gutedel (Chasselas), Kerner, Huxelrebe, Rülander (Pinot Gris), Scheurebe, and Weissburgunder (Pinot Blanc)

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6
Q

What are the main red varietals grown in Germany?

A

The main red varieties are Spätburgunder (Pinot Noir), Dornfelder, Blauer Portugieser, Fruhburgunder (a clone of
pinot noir), Lemberger, and Trollinger (Schiava)

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7
Q

What’s the main difference in Germany’s appellation system from Italy and France?

A

Germany’s approach to defining wine quality is different from other appellation systems such as France’s
Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée and Italy’s Denominazione di Origine Controllata. Appellations in other
countries are geographic in nature and have specific regulations controlling each area as to yield. Germany
however chose to base their definition of wine quality on ripeness levels because of the difficulty of ripening
grapes so far north.

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8
Q

How are the higher qualities in German wines determined?

A

The focus on sugar content embodies the theory that grapes with higher sugar levels are
riper and therefore yield richer wines with intense flavors and opulent bouquets.

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9
Q

What is Germany’s lowest wine Classification?

A 
Deutscher Wein (DW) is the lowest-quality level (rarely seen in the export market) and thankfully only accounts 
for roughly 3% of a German vintage’s production. As per the EU, it is classified as a Wine Without Geographical 
Designation.
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10
Q

What is the second to lowest German wine classification?

A

The next wine category is Landwein, quality wine from a specified region”. It is the PGI of Germany.

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11
Q

What does Qualitätswein mean?

A

The PDO wines of Germany are labeled as Qualitätswein, or “quality wine with distinction.”

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12
Q

What are the seven subcategories of QbA ranked in ascending order of ripeness?

A

Kabinett, Spätlese, Auslese, Beerenauslese, Eiswein, and Trockenbeerenauslese. The seventh is Erstes
Gewaches. This is a legally defined term that applies to Riesling and Pinot Noir from classified sites in the
Rheingau

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13
Q

When is Chaptalizaion allowed?

A

Chaptalization (the addition
of sugar to unfermented grape juice) is allowed for DW and Landwein wines but forbidden for Qualitätswein
wines.

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14
Q

What is sussreserve and when can it be used?

A

The practice of using sussreserve
(unfermented grape juice) to balance Qualitätswein wines is allowed, but rarely used in the top examples
It’s
one of the major differences between the quality levels of grapes that have ripened and have enough natural
sugar.

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15
Q

The measurement of sugar in a grape, an important indicator as to ripeness, is referred to as?

A

must weight

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16
Q

How is Must Weight Measured?

A

It is measured on a hydrometer, a thermometer-like device which has a graduated scale and compares the
specific gravity of the must to the specific gravity of water at 20°C (68°F).

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17
Q

What is the German unit of Sugar?

A

Oechsle is the German unit of sugar

measure.

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18
Q

What is the formula for converting oechsle to brix?

A

(2.6 x oechsle/1000 + oechsle) x 100 = Brix is the formula for converting oechsle to brix.

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19
Q

Describe Kabinett’s ripeness scale

A

Kabinett: Kabinett is the first prädikat in the ripeness scale, made from riper grapes than a LANDWEIN, typically
averaging an alcohol level between 7% and 11%

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20
Q

Describe Spatlese

A

Spätlese: made from late-harvested grapes that are riper than Kabinett.

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21
Q

Describe Auslese

A

Auslese: “Selected harvest” wines are made from bunches of grapes left on the vines after the Spätlese
harvest and as such are true late-harvest wines. Some bunches may be botrytis affected. Auslese is the
highest Qualitätswein category of wine that can still be made in a dry or “trocken” style.

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22
Q

Describe Beernauslese

A

Beernauslese (BA): “Selected berries” wine is very rare wine made only in truly exceptional circumstances
from overripe grapes that usually have been affected by botrytis. Each berry is shriveled and individually
picked on a grape-by-grape basis.

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23
Q

Describe Eiswein

A

Eiswein: “Ice wine” grapes have reached a sugar level equivalent to BA or higher, but are left on the vine
extremely late into the season and are harvested after freezing on the vine. They are immediately crushed,
removing water excesses that have frozen on the grape, leaving very high sugar levels.

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24
Q

Describe Trockenbeerauslese (TBA)

A

Trockenbeerauslese (TBA): TBA is produced from heavily botrytised grapes, or “selected dried berries”, left on
the vine to shrivel into raisin-like berries. TBA wines are considered to be among the most decadent dessert
wines in the world.

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25
How does Germany classify the geographical units of growing areas?
from large general regions to specific vineyard sites.
26
What is The largest of the geographic units in Germany?
Weinbaugebiete – The largest of the geographic units in Germany
27
Which region has the largest amount of anbaugebiete?
Rhein is by far home to the largest amount
28
What are the 7 anbaugebietes of the Rhein?
``` Ahr, Hessiche Bergstasse, Mittelrhein, Mosel-Saar-Ruwer, Nahe, Rheingau, Rheinhessen, Pfalz ```
29
– Second largest of the geographic units of Germany, These exist within the weinbaugebiete and are home to Bereich, Grosslages and Einzellagen.
anbaugebiete
30
Within the 13 anbaugebiete there are 39 districts- What are they called?
Bereichs
31
These are communities or villages.
Gemeindens are communities or villages.
32
How are Gemeindens labeled?
Typically, when a wine is labeled with a village or town, the label will read with the possessive “er” attachment. So a wine coming from the town of Ockfen would read as “Ockfener” on the label.
33
These are large groupings of vineyards or “einzellagen” that could potentially cross over or straddle more than one gemeiden or even Bereich
Grosslage
34
How many Grosslagen are there in Germany? How is the quality?
. There are 167 grosslagen in Germany and they are usually | responsible for moderate quality wine at best
35
What are individual vineyards or sites in Germany called?
Einzellage
36
How did the 1971 German Wine law effect the vineyards?
The 1971 German Wine Law divided 30,000 vineyards | into 2,600 with minimum of 5 ha in size.
37
These are German vineyards owned entirely by one owner, also known as a monopole.
Alleinbesitz
38
With roughly 530 ha planted, This is one of the smallest and northernmost of the thirteen German anbaugebiete.
Ahr
39
What are the main red varietals of Ahr?
The main red varieties here are Spätburgunder (62%) and Portugieser (11%),
40
What are the main white varietals of the Ahr?
The main white varieties are Riesling (7%) and | Müller-Thurgau, though whites account for only 12% of the region’s production.
41
What is Ahr’s largest wine estate?
12th century monastery Kloster Marienthal is the Ahr’s largest wine estate.
42
What is the southernmost of Germany’s wine regions?
Baden
43
Where is Baden Located?
400km from north to south between the hills | of the Black Forest and the Rhine River.
44
What is rose called in Baden?
Weissherbst (rosé),
45
what percentage of Germany’s Spatburgunder is planted in the Nahe?
70 percent of Germany's Spätburgunder (Pinot Noir) vines are planted here. Within Baden,
46
What is the most widely planted white variety of Nahe?
Müller-Thurgau (21%) is the most widely planted white variety
47
Where is Franken located?
Franken is located east of the Rhine, in Bavaria, with most of its vineyards planted on the hilly slopes lining the Main River and its tributaries.
48
What kind of wines are made in Franconia?
Fuller-bodied, less aromatic, often drier, firmer and earthier, Franconian wines are generally the most masculine of Germany’s wines
49
What is the climate of Franconia?
Part of Franken wines singular personality is due its | continental climate: cold winters, high annual rainfall, early frosts – long, warm autumns are rare.
50
What are the main white Varietals of Franconia?
Due to climate, Riesling plays only a minor role. Muller-Thurgau (also called Rivaner), Silvaner and new crossings such as Bacchus and Kerner, are the most important white varieties.
51
The tiny region takes its name from an old Roman trade route known as the strada montagna, or mountain road.
Hessische Bergstrasse
52
What re the main white grapes of anbaugibiete Hessische Bergstrasse?
White wine accounts for 84% of the region’s | production, led by Riesling (51%) and Muller-Thurgau (9%) as well as Silvaner and Grauburgunder.
53
With about 500 ha of vineyards planted, this is one of the smallest of the thirteen German anbaugebiete and is shrinking in vineyard coverage due to urban sprawl and lack of demand. What is the main grape?
Mittlerhein Riesling grape
54
What are the two small tributaries of the Mosel?
the Saar and the Ruwer,
55
this Anbaugebiete is the best known | of the thirteen German regions,
Mosel
56
What ar the white grapes and percentages planted of the Mosel?
Riesling grapes cover 57% of the planted acreage, followed by Müller-Thurgau (16%) and Elbling (7%)
57
This is an ancient variety cultivated by the Romans and because of its pronounced acidity, it is often used as the base wine for Sekt.
Elbling
58
What are just of few of the more famous villages in the Mosel.
Brauneberg, Graach, | Piesport and Wehlen
59
This Anbaugibiete is well-known to connoisseurs | as a producer of high-quality Riesling wines and its extraordinary range of soil types is second to none
Nahe
60
What are the top planted grapes of the Nahe?
Riesling accounts for roughly 25% of the areas vineyards. Müller-Thurgau (16%) is the second most widely planted grape, followed by and Dornfelder and Sylvaner
61
What are some famous villages of Nahe?
, | Schloss Bockelheim and Bingen are a few of the more famous villages in Nahe.
62
Where is the Pfalz located?
Bordered by Rheinhesen on the north and France on the south and west, the Pfalz's vineyards sweep across this remarkably pretty, peaceful land for nearly 80 uninterrupted kilometers.
63
It is Germany's second largest wine region in acreage (23,400 ha), but often has the largest crop of the 13 anbaugebiete, averaging nearly 28 million cases of wine a year, roughly 25% of Germany’s total production.
Pfalz
64
What are the main grapes of the Pfalz Anbaugibiete?
Riesling (20%) is the most widely planted variety followed by Dornfelder (13%), Muller-Thurgau (12%) Kerner, Silvaner and Scheurebe grapes For reds: Portugieser
65
What are some famous villages of the Pfalz?
Ungstein, Deidesheim and | Wachenheim are a few of the more famous villages of Pfalz.
66
It is Germany's second largest | wine region in acreage (23,400 ha), but often has the largest crop of the 13 anbaugebiete,
The Pfalz
67
Which anbaugebiete has the second most planted riesling (behind Mosel)?
The Pfalz is second only to the | Mosel in acreage planted with the noble Riesling grape.
68
What white grapes are grown in the Pfalz?
Müller-Thurgau, Kerner, Silvaner and Scheurebe grapes,
69
What red grapes are grown in the Pfalz?
Portugieser grape. | are many new plantings of Dornfelder, which produces a deep-colored wine that can be quite complex,
70
What are three famous villages of the Pfalz?
Ungstein, Deidesheim and | Wachenheim are a few of the more famous villages of Pfalz.
71
What are the two main grapes of Rheingau?
Almost 80% of the vineyards are | planted with Riesling, with Spatburgunder at about 13%.
72
The same Cistercians that found Clos Vougeot planted their Pinot clones here, and the region has a red wine history since the 1700’s
Rheingau
73
What is The Rheingau's only bereich?
The Rheingau's only bereich is Johannisberg which covers the entire region
74
What are some of the more famous villages of the Rheingau?
Erbach, Geisenheim, | Hatteneheim and Hochheim are some of the more famous villages of Rheinau.
75
With nearly 26,171 ha of vineyards, this is the largest of Germany's thirteen anbaugebiete
Rheinhessen
76
In fact, many of Germany's aromatic, early-ripening new crossings were bred Where?
The Rheinhessen
77
What grapes are planted in the Rheinhessen?
Müller-Thurgau, which accounts for about 18% of Rheinhessen's total planted acreage is the most widely planted variety. It's followed by Dornfelder (13%), Silvaner (10%) and Riesling (10%), as well as myriad others like Bacchus, Scheurebe, Faberebe (Faber), Huxelrebe, and Kerner.
78
Who bred the various vine crossings to create new grapes in the Rheinhessen?
Professor Georg Scheu, after whom the Scheurebe grape is named (pronounced "shoy").
79
The region boasts the world's largest acreage planted with the ancient variety Silvaner and is the birthplace of Liebfraumilch
Rheinhessen
80
Where is Liebfraumilch from?
the soft, mellow white wine originally made from grapes grown in vineyards surrounding the Liebfrauenkirche, or Church of Our Lady, in Worms in Rheinhessen
81
What are some important villages of Rheinhessen?
Nachenheim, Nierstein and Oppenheim
82
With 652 ha of vineyards, this is one of the smallest of | Germany's thirteen anbaugebiete
Saale-Unstrut
83
What are Saale-Unstrut main varietals?
The main variety planted in this region is Müller-Thurgau, with 22 percent of the total acreage, followed by Weissburgunder (12%) and Sylvaner (9%).
84
This is Germany's easternmost and smallest wine-growing anbaugebiete (446 ha) the wines are marketed as varietals and nearly always vinified dry
Sachsen
85
What are the primary grapes of Sachsen?
The primary variety planted in this region is Müller- Thurgau, which has 21 percent of the total acreage. Riesling (16%) and Weissburgunder (Pinot Blanc at 13%) follow, with red wines accounting for 15% of the regions vines. Sachsen’s wines are rarities, available in limited quantities, and nearly all consumed locally.
86
This is a relatively large growing region (11,460 ha) located in the south of Germany
Württemberg
87
This is Germany's premier red wine region
Württemberg
88
What are Württemberg’s main grapes?
The main variety is Trollinger (22%), seldom found outside of this region, followed by Schwarzriesling, also known as Müllerrebe or Pinot Meunier, and Lemberger. An additional 919 ha are planted with Spätburgunder, Dornfelder and Portugieser
89
What is the German word for “dry”?
Trocken
90
What terms are used to describe wines that are, as translated, “half dry.”
Halbtrocken and feinherb
91
A squat, flagon-shaped green or amber bottle used for quality wine (Landwein or Qualitätswein) from Germany's Franken region.
Bocksbeutel Bock is the German word for "goat," and it's said that the bottle is patterned after the scrotum of that animal.
92
This term means Grown produced and bottled by the same person on an estate
Gutsabfullung
93
Germany's most exported wine which is sweet and inexpensive. This wine's origins go back to the sixteenth or seventeenth century
Liebfraumilch;
94
This German term, which means "Rhine terrace," refers to a strip of vineyards situated along the Rhine River from the village of Bodenheim south to the village of Mettenheim
Rheinterrasse
95
A German term for sparkling wine that is produced in the Charmat method from imported grapes grown outside of German (usually of average quality) but made sparkling in Germany
Sekt
96
This is a high quality sparkling wine made from German grapes (usually Riesling or Pinot Noir) and produced using the traditional method. If a wine is from one of Germany's thirteen anbaugebiete
Deutscher Sekt
97
A German term referring to an area that's part of a larger community (as a suburb is of a city), yet is independent of that larger community
Ortsteil
98
Germany has several private associations of winegrowers who have banded together to share knowledge, ideas, support, and to promote their wines in the country and in the international market. This is The most famous of these associations
VDP: Die Pradikatsweinguter, Verband Deutscher Pradikatsweinguter (Association of German Quality Wine- Producers)
99
How are the VDP wines marked?
with its logo of a black eagle. Today all 13 of Germany’s wine regions have its own local VDP chapter. By all critical assents, the vast majority of Germany’s greatest wine estates
100
Why was the vdp created?
One of the major efforts of the VDP over the last few decades has been attempts to reverse the effects of the 1971 German Wine Law, which took as its main quality criteria grape ripeness and did not include any provision for recognizing the country’s most famous vineyards or took any steps to control yields as a major factor in attaining quality.
101
What are the VDP classifications?
``` VDP Classification: Grosse Lage (Grand Cru) Erste Lage (Premiere Cru) Ortswein (Village level ) Gutswein (Regional level wines.) ```
102
Grand Cru equivalent wine, these are the best vineyards of Germany.
Grosse Lage (“great location”)
103
These are dry wines from a Grosse Lage
Grosses Gewachs (GG)
104
Premier cru equivlient wine, this designation is for first class vineyards with distinctive characteristics.
Erste Lage (“first location”)
105
Village level equivalent wines, this designation is for wines that originate froma village’s good, traditional vineyards that are planted with grape varieties typical of the their region
Ortsweine (“local wines”)
106
Regional level equivalent wines, this designation is for wines that originate from an estate’s holdings within a region.
Gutsweine (“estate wines”)

Graduate Level (18 decks)

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