Sparkling Flashcards
(69 cards)
What are the 3 production methods of sparkling wine?
Traditional: Aka methode champenoise, methode traditionelle, methode classique Transfer Method Tank method: aka Charmat Carbonation Methode Ancestrale
Which 3 sparkling production methods undergo secondary fermentation in the bottle?
Traditional
Transfer
Methode Ancestrale
What is the only sparkling production method that assumes premium quality?
Traditional
What production method is typically used for 375 ml Champagne or large format?
Transfer method
What is the oldest form of sparkling production and is merely a continuation of one fermentation?
Methode Ancestrale
What are the steps in producing a sparkling wine via Traditional Method?
Pressing First Fermentation Aging and Oak Assemblage Second Fermentation Bottle Ageing Degorgement
What is the traditional press used for Method Champenoise?
Coquard
Largely been replaced by the pneumatic and the inert presses
Pressed juice for champagne/sparkling production is separated into what two categories?
Which category is preferred for fermentation?
Vin de Cuvée (first 2,050 liters)
Vin de taille (last 500 liters
Vin de Cuvée is best, most pure juice.
What is the style of wine created in the first fermentation of sparkling wine?
High acid base wine
Abv 11%
Typically undergo malolactic fermentation
How long is a base wine in champagne production aged for before Assemblage and Secondary Fermentation?
Until the spring after harvest
What is battonage and when would it take place in methode champenoise production?
Battonage is the stirring of the lees
Takes place while the base wine ages and gives the wine a more textured quality.
What is assemblage?
The blending of the base wines in methode champenoise to create a consistent and quality product or “house style”.
What consists of the liqueur de tirage?
Assemblage wine + sugar + yeasts + yeast nutrients and fining agents (bentonite)
How much pressure will a bottle reach in secondary fermentation?
How much will the alcohol increase?
5- 6 atmospheres
1.2-1.3%
How are bottles of champagne stored after secondary fermentation is complete?
Horizontally called “sur latte”
What is it called when dead yeast cells breakdown into sediment during bottle aging of champagne?
Autolysis
What happens the longer a champagne is aged on the lees?
The bubbles will become smaller and the wine will become more aromatic and complex
what is the process called to collect and condense the lees into the neck of a champagne bottle?
Remuage or riddiling
What is gyropalatte?
Mechanical method of riddling developed in Spain. Reduces remuage time to less than a week
What is “sur pointe”?
What is “degorgement a la glacé”?
Sur pointe is the sparkling wine bottles being stored upside down once the sediment has reached the neck
Degorgement a la glacé is the practice of inserting the neck of the bottle into frozen brine to freeze the sediment for degorgement.
What are the French terms for sparkling wine style from driest to sweetest. How many g/l of residual sugar in each?
Brut Nature- 0-3 g/l Extra Brut- 0-6 g/l Brut- <12 g/l Extra Sec- 12-17 g/l Sec - 17-32 g/l Demi-Sec 33-50 g/l Doux- >50 g/l
What are the five growing regions of Champagne?
Montagne de Reims Valley de la Marne Cote de Sezanne Cote des Blanc Aube: AKA Cote des Bars
Where do all the Grand and Premier cru vineyards of champagne lie?
In the Montagne de Reims
Cote des Blancs
What are the grapes of Champagne?
What are the percentage of planting for each?
Pinot Noir- 38%
Chardonnay- 30%
Pinot Meunier- 32%
