Gero Test 1 Flashcards
(49 cards)
1
Q
Biological Theories of Aging
A
- Genetic
- damage (free radicals cross linkage)
- Gradual Imbalance
2
Q
Predictors of Successful Aging
A
- Genetics
- health and social services
- lifestyle choices and behaviors
- psychological attributes
- life events
- socioeconomic status
- physical and social environment
- culture and gender
3
Q
Psychological Theories
A
Heirchy of needs (self actualization, transendence)
- psychological stages
- selective optimization with compensation
4
Q
Psychological determanints
A
- intelligence
- cognative capacity
- self efficacy
- self esteem
- personal control
- coping style
- resillience
5
Q
Sociological Theories
A
- activity
- continuity (involved in groups)
- social/physical environment ( group ex social group with social support)
6
Q
Physical Activity
A
- major determinent of success
- fitness vs premature death (body/mind)
- spirit (aestetic experiences)
7
Q
Physical Activity and Cognitive Function
A
-memory, attention, learning, goal setting, decision meeting, problem solving
-fit>unfit (=age)
-calcombe and kramer
executive controll tasks, controled procesing, visuospatial, sped, most improvement with executive control tasks
8
Q
Strategies for PA promotion
A
-dissemination (newsletter)
-collaboration
-address barriers
-community based
maintain communication
9
Q
CV chagnes
A
- wall thickening (BV, left ventricle)
- stiffness (aorta, arteries inc perif resis = inc BP)
- increased size left atrium
- Inc BP
- inc TPR MAP
- Hypertension
- dec baroflexor response
10
Q
Neuroendocrine
A
- PNS slows down (ACH decHR)
- SNS (norepineph inc HR)
- dec sensitive to catecholamines (lower HRmax slower CV adaptations)
- Long Warm UP and Cool Downs
11
Q
CV Function
A
- HR
- Stroke volume (lowersw/age)
- CO (Q=SVxR)
- Arteriovenous O2 diff
- blood distrib
- VO2 max lowers 10% decade
12
Q
FICK equation
A
VO2=QxO2 diff a-v
13
Q
CVD
A
- Coronary heart disease
- Stroke (hemoragic/ischematic. Cerebral/peripheral. paralysis/hemiplegia)
- HTN
- Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PCTA)
14
Q
CV Risk Factors
A
- smilking
- Htn
- chol
- inactivity
- obesity
- diabetes
- genes
- gender
- age
15
Q
PA and CV function
A
- lower resting BP,HR,Q,TPR
- strengthens resp musc
- enhance O2 difusion, oxidation
- inc BV
16
Q
Respiratory changes
A
Decreased -alveolar SA -small airways -elastic recoil Increased -physiological dead space -large airways -chest wall stiffness -work to breathe
17
Q
Lung Funcion
A
- Tidal volume reg rest breath
- inspiratory reserve volume
- expiratory reserve volume
- residucal volume
18
Q
Measures
A
-forced vital capacity FVC
-forced expiratory volume FEV1
FEV;FVC ratio
-peak flow meter
19
Q
Respiratory diseases
A
- asthma (obstruction, inflammation, reactivity
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD
- bronchitis
- emphysema
- symptoms
20
Q
PA and Lung function
A
- prevent declines
- yoga tia chi (deep diaphrag breathing, inc elasticity)
- water ex
21
Q
Adaptations for CVPA
A
- longer warm up and cool down
- rpe
- lower intensities
- intermittent
- avoid temp extremes
22
Q
Musculoskeletal
A
- sarcopenia/dynapenia
- peak 20s/30s
- dynamic loss>static loss
- upper loss>lower loss
- dec # of fibers, size type2, contract qual
- inc 2b fib, ct, fat
- less MU
- less capilary BF
23
Q
Neuromuscular syatem
A
-inc 1rm 28-152%
24
Q
changes in muscle power
A
-dec 6-11% per decade
25
Changes in bone density
- 1%loss/yr 30-50
- 2-3% yr post menopause
- calcium reg hormones dec osteoclast activity
26
osteoporosis
- bmd <-2.5 SD
| - factors smoking alcoholism EDs meds
27
EX with osteoporosis
-wt bearing
-resist (progress slow, low wt)
-circuit intervals
-support
AVOID
-painzones wrist hands
-no ext spine flex/ext
28
Diabetic neuropathy
- balance hot/cold cut/blister/infec
| - limit wt bear, foot care
29
Neurological Function
- fluid inelligence insuff O2, dec NTsyn, cereb metab
| - main crystallized intelligence
30
PA and Cognitive Function
```
1Cerebral blood flow
-lower BP, chol, blood clots, incr metab
2neuronal groth/survival
3neural efficiency
-all need for independence
```
31
Changes in sensory and motor function
```
DECREASED
-proprioception
-foot sensation
-vestibular function
-Slowed RT
INCREASED
-falls, postural instability
```
32
Changes in Vision
-visual acuit
-peripheral vision
-glare
-dark
depth
-contrast
33
Changes in Hearing
- acuity
- localization of sound
- mask extraneous sounds
- echoing
- tinnitus
34
Neuroligical Conditions
Parkinsons
-gait shuffle, protec from falls w/ex
Alzheimers
-balance, dementia, ex consistent w/patient
35
Meds
```
antidepressents/tranquilizers
-inc hr dec bp
nicotine
-inc hr bp
thyroid
-inc hr bp
alcohol
-chron inc bp
caffeine
-dep on sens
```
36
pre exercise and health screening
- identifies cliens at risk
- current health and pa status
- appropriate tests
- programing info
37
contraindicaions
- relative or absolute
- chest pain
- short of breath
- dizzy/fainting
- ankle swelling
- fast/irregular hr
- intermittent claudication (leg pain)
- heart murmer
- undue fatigue
38
risk factors for CVD CAD
- sudden cardiac death w/ex
- above 45
- fam history
- smoke
- htn
- dyslipidemia ad cholest
- diabetes
- obesity
- sedentary
39
Screening steps
```
1 informed consent
2parq
3physician consent
4health history activity questionnaire
5 feedback and confidentiality
```
40
informed consent
- communication
- information and consent
- description
- voluntary
- confidentiality
- med coverage
- contact info
- compreshension
- legal obligation
41
parq
sympt
- cad
- musculoskel
- limitations
- walkins
- phys consent
desc. endosement/denial
42
health history and activity questionarre
-identify contraindications, risks, limitations
-additional info
ex activities, abilities, pref
risk of med emergencies/falls
-facilitates dev of program
43
Feedback and Confidentiality
-share
-avd tech terms
-positive
-private
add screening tools
-bp
-bmi
-waist to hip
-waist circumference
44
Lab based physiological assessments
- CRF
- Musc strength
- body comp
- balance
45
CRF test
- det independence, BADL ADL
- ex presc/assessments
- indep level- risk and baseline
46
Direct CRF test
- vo2 max is more accurate
- more money
- more risk
47
indirect CRF test
- submax vo2
- less accurate
- less money
- less risk
- 75% hr max
48
CRF equiptment
```
treadmill
-functional
cycle ergometer
-bp, work rate, upright/recumb
arm ergometer
-low/noambulation
-nustep
```
49
Balance
-proprioception
-neuromuscula control
Measures
-static
-dynamic
-reactive postural control
-sensory integration/organization
Force plate, balance trainer
