GI anatomy Flashcards
(31 cards)
what are the three salivary glands
submandibular, parotid, sublingual
what cranial nerve controls the salivary glands
CN VII
what are the muscles of mastication
buccinator, temporalis, masseter
what CN controls the muscle movement of the tongue
CN12
describe the anatomy of the tongue
posterior: circumvalate papillae
anterior 2/3: fuliform papillae (dots) fungiform papillae (surface)
what vertebrae levels does the oesphagus run through
c6-t11
what runs along side the oesophagus.
where does it hit the hiatus?
left and right vagus nerve. left vagus crosses anterior and right vagus cross posterior at the hiatus (T10)
what does the pariteal perineum line?
internal surface of abdominal wall
what does the visceral peritoneum line?
what are the associate organs
abdominal viscera
stomach, liver spleen
what is the peritoneal cavity
potential space between pariteal and viscera peritoneum, contains lubricating liquid
what are the retroperitoneal organs
SAD PUCKER
superadrenal, aorta, duodenum, pancreas, ureters, colon, kidneys, oesphagus, rectum
what is the omentum
sheet of viseral peritoneum that extends from stomach and proximal part of duodenum to other organs
where is the greater omenteum
descends from greater curvature of stomach and folds up and attaches to anterior surface of transverse colon - role in immunity
where is the lesser omenteum
double layer of visceral attaches to lesser curvature to liver
whats the anatomy of the stomach
cardia (top) , fundus (muscular pacemaker), body (ruggae), pylorus- antrum- pyloric sphincter
what cells are in the stomach and what do they release
G cells: release gastrin with activates ECL cells
ECL cells release histamine
histamine activates pariteal cells to release HCL
what are the parasympathetic components and actions in stomach
relaxation of smooth muscle, allow filling NO/VIP
what are the three stages of accomadation in the stomach
- receptive: phayrnx receptors
- adaptive NANC fibres
- Feedback: pyloric sphincter
describe the anatomy of the liver
anterior surface: diaphragmatic
inferior vena cava runs down middle.
left right lobe (quadrate and caudate up down)
whats in the portal hepatis
hepatic plexus, vein, artery and bile duct
what is the gall bladder anatomy
location?
fundus, body and neck
connects to cystic duct and joins hepatic duct to form common bile duct.
the gall bladder is temporary storage of bile produced by liver, released in response to eating. lies between the quadrate and right lobe
whats a clinical aspects of gall bladder
gall stones: pain jaundice inflammation, cholestrol stones
whats the bilinary tree
cystic +hepatic = common bile - meets pancreatic duct and emptires into duodenum through sphincter of oddi major duodenual papillae
what does the spleen do?
- blood filter, removes old blood cells, immune repsonse
