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ANATOMY > Reproductive anatomy > Flashcards

Reproductive anatomy Flashcards

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1
Q

upper genital tract parts

A

uterus, upper 1/3, fallopian tube, ovaries

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2
Q

where is the upper genital tract come from embryologically

A

para-mesonepheric (mullerian duct)

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3
Q

what are the two pouches of the uterus

A

rectouterine (posterior douglas) and vesicouterine pouch (anterior)

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4
Q

what can surgery in pelvis cause

A

adhestions in pelvis, sticking together

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5
Q

anatomy of the uterus

A

round ligament, broad ligament, suspensory ligament.
myometrium, perimetrium, endometrium.

ante verted and ante flexed

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6
Q

blood, venous and nerve supply of uterus

A

uterine artery and uterine veins, sympathetic (uterovaginal plexus) parasympathetic (pelvic splanchnic S2-4)

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7
Q

broad ligaments; what are the 3 layers and ligaments associated (clinical importance)

A

mesometrium (uterus), mesovarium (ovary and pelvic floor), mesosalphinx (uterine tubes)

cardinal ligaments associated: inferiori boarder of the broad ligamnet and contain the uterine artery and veins- they are removed in hysterectomy as theyre a site of malignancy

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8
Q

uterosacral ligament

A

connect the uterus cervix to the sacrum, holds in place

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9
Q

pubo-cervical ligament

A

connects cervix to pubic symphysis for stability and support cavity

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10
Q

round ligament

what is it homologous too

A

connects uterine horns to labia majora and pass through inguinal canal.

homologous to scrotal ligament

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11
Q

5 clinical disorders of the uterus and ligaments

A
  1. menorrhagia
  2. uterine prolapse
  3. uterine fibroids (benign)
  4. endometrial carcinoma (most common)
  5. endometriosis (endometrium cells outside uterus)
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12
Q

uterine tube anatomy

embryological?

A

fimbrae, infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, interstitum - 10 cm tube
para-mesonphric: mullerian duct

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13
Q

blood, venous, nerve supply of uterine tubes

A

uterine artery and ovarian artery and veins

sympathetics: pelvis plexus

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14
Q

clinical pathologies of uterine tubes (4)

A
  1. ectopic pregnancy: medical emergencies
  2. salphingitisis: inflammation of fallopian tube- bacteria infections (STIs)
  3. hydro-salpinx: serous, clear fluid blocking tube causing distension
  4. pyo-salpinx : tube filled with pus
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15
Q

oestrogen and progesterone effects on uterine tube

A

E2: differentiation and secretion
Progesteron: dedifferentiation

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16
Q

ovaries function

A

oogenesis ( primordial germ cells- oogonia)

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17
Q

attachments of ovaries

A

anterior attachment: broad ligament, suspensory ligament
posterior attachment: mesovarium
ovarian ligament

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18
Q

ovaries blood, venous, nervous supply

A

ovarian artery and vein (L-renal, R-IVC)

sympathetic: ovarian plexus
parasympathetic: uterine plexus

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19
Q

disorders of ovaries (3)

A
  1. polycystic (more than 10 cysts)
  2. ovarian cysts: benign. symptoms of acute pain, bloating, abdominal bleeding
  3. ovarian tumours: 90% from epithelium ovaran cancer and detected late stage
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20
Q

histology of ovaries

A

PGCs: oogonis
Theca cells : LH androsterione
Granulosa cells: FSH oestrogen folliculogensis

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21
Q

lower 2/3 of vagina

Study These Flashcards
A

lower genital tract (10 cm tube)

  • striated epithelium
  • nonkertanised squamous epithelium
  • cervical mucus
22
Q

musculature of vagina

Study These Flashcards
A
  • elastic lamina properties: dense CT, project papillae, vagina muscus
  • fibromuscular layer: compromise of 2 layers of smooth muscle (inner circular and outer longitudinal)
  • adventitia: fiberous layer which provides additional strength to the vagina whilst also binding to surruond structures
23
Q

blood, venous, nervous supply of vagina

Study These Flashcards
A

vaginal A&V

uterovaginal nerve plexus

24
Q

anatomy of vagina

Study These Flashcards
A

internal Os, external Os, endocervical, ectocervical canal

25
vulva anatomy | nerve
mon pubis, clitoris, vestibule, labia minora, labia majora, bartholins, fourchette, anus nerve supply: anterior- ilioinguinal, genitofemoral posterior- pudenal, perineal, posterior cutaneous
26
draw the anatomy of the penis
book
27
urethra: 3 parts
prostatic (3cm), membranous (1cm), spongy (16cm)
28
whats the clinical significance of the spongy urethra
damage during catherisation due to voluntary sphincter and being thinnest part
29
where do the testes develop
posterior abdominal wall, mesonpheric duct
30
describe the descent of testes
through deep inguinal ring out of superficial ring. gubernaculum attaches to posteror pole of testis and carry them and blood suppy down retroperitoneal. visceral peritoneum surrounding testes obliterates.
31
processus vaginalis process
during descent the peritenuem envaginates eitherside of abdominal wall, pulling peritoneal cavity into swelling scrotum and obliterates producing tunica vaginalis.
32
anatomy of testes
200 seminiferous tubules in 1-6 ducts
33
tunica albunica function and clinical feature
broken penis. | white fiberous covering of scrotum
34
what are the layers in the processus vaginalis
internal (cremasteric) and external (external fascia) oblique, transveralis fascia (internal fascia). not transverse abdominis
35
Some damn englishmen called it the testes
skin, deferns, ext.fascia, cremasteric, int.fascia, tunica vaginalis, tunica albunica
36
cremasteric muscle innervation and function
pulls scrotum up and down, regulates temp. | L1/2- genital branch of genitofemoral (involun)
37
cryptorchidism
undescended testes: malignancy, infertility
38
hydrocele
fluid in tunica vaginalis, part of processus vaginalis remain (transllumination)
39
15 coverings of the spermaticord
covering: cremasteric, int & ext fascia arteries: cremasteric, testicular, vas deferns veins: cremasteric, paniform, vas deferns nerves: genitofemoral, sympathetics, ilioinguinal tubes: vas deferns, tunica vaginalis, lymphathic
40
varicocele
dilation of veins in testes (left) back pressure from renal artery
41
lymphatics of may genitalia (2)
scrotal: inguinal drain testicular: paraaortic drain
42
prostate blood supply and venous drain
inferior vesicular vessles, internal iliac draniage
43
BPH | symptoms (3)
frequency urination, hesitation, post dribble
44
what is seminal colliculus
lumpy middle bit of prostate
45
colles fascia tear?
urine in anterior abdomen
46
prostate cancer sign in blood and zone
PSA in serum and peripheral zone
47
penis blood supply
internal pudenal artery: - deep - bulbourethral - dorsal
48
what is prepuce and frenulum
foreskin and small fold of skin
49
innervation of penis
POINT SHOOT SCORE
50
female equivalent to : - gubernaculum scrotal ligament - scrotum - prostate - bulbourethral gland - mesonpheric duct - appendix testis
- round ligament - labia majora - skenes - bartholins - paramesonpheric - fallopian tube

ANATOMY (6 decks)

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