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gastrointestinal > gi biomarkers and treatments basics > Flashcards

gi biomarkers and treatments basics Flashcards

1
Q

triple therapy for GI

A

metronidazole
gentamicin
amoxicillin

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2
Q

functional LFT

A

bilirubin
prothrombin time
albumin

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3
Q

cholestatic lft’s

A

ggt

alk phos

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4
Q

liver damage lft

A

ast

alt

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5
Q

name for classfication scoring system for cirrhosis

A

child-pugh

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6
Q

most common cause of acute liver failure in the UK and worldwide

A

uk=paracetamol overdose

worlwide= viral hepaitits

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7
Q

haemolysis disease

A

unconjugated bilirubin

normal ALT, ALKP, GGT and albumin

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8
Q

gilbert’s disease

A

UDP gluconryltransferase enzyme proble
unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
normal LFTS

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9
Q

cirrhosis

A 
normal bilirubin
high alt, alkp, ggt and pt
low albumin
thrombocyptopaenia (low platelets)
anaemia
hyponatraemia
hyperbilirubinaemia
imaging shows varices
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10
Q

alcoholism

A 
normal bilirubin
high alt and ast 
ast>alt
high ggt especially
high alkp
normal albumin unless cirrhosis
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11
Q

metastases to the liver

A

normal bilirubin, alt,
high ggt, alkp, pt
low alb

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12
Q

hcc

A

high afp

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13
Q

hepatitis

A

mixed bilirubin
high alt especially
high alkp and ggt
normal albumin

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14
Q

CCF

A

high bilirubin
normal ALT
high alkp, ggt and pt
low albumin

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15
Q

acute liver failure

A

high mixed bilirubin
v. high ALT
high alkp, ggt and pt
low albumin

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16
Q

chronic liver failure

A

high mixed bilirubin
high alt, alkp, ggt, pt
very low albumin

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17
Q

pancreatic cancer or gallstone

A 
high conjugated bilirubin
high alkp and GGT especially
high alt and pt 
low albumin 
urine bilirubinaemia
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18
Q

haemochromatosis

A

HFE gene

high iron and ferritin

19
Q

pbc

A 
AMA-mitochondria
ANA-nuclear
anti-centromere
ALKP
GGT
20
Q

PSC

A

ALKP
GGT
IgM
ANCA

21
Q

wilsons

A

high copper

low caeruloplasmin

22
Q

nafld

A

high alt
1/3 high alkp or ggt
1/2 high ferrritin

23
Q

alpha 1 antitrypsin

A

ALT
pizz positive
alpha 1 antitrypsin level

24
Q

budd chiari

A

JAK2 mutation

25
Q

hep B

A

HBsAg
HBeAg
HBeAb
HBV DNA >20,000 for treatment

26
Q

hep c

A

hcv antibody

hcv rna

27
Q

cholangiocarcinoma

A

CA19-9

28
Q

coeliac antibodies

A 
anti-tissue transgluaminase (IgA/ IgG)
anti-endomysial (IgA)
anti-deaminated gliadin (dgp IgA IgG)
anti-gliadin (IgG), (IgA)
anti caesin antibody
29
Q

UC

A

HLA DR103

30
Q

CD

A

NOD2
ATG16L1
IRGM genes

31
Q

autoimmune hepatitis

A 
ast 
alt 
ASMA- anti smooth muscle
ANF
LKM
ANA
32
Q

hepatitis B treatment

A

tenofovir
interferon
lamivudine

33
Q

hepatitis C treatment

A

interferon
ribavirin
DAA’s

34
Q

PBC treatment

A

ursodeoxycholic acid

35
Q

AICAH auto-immune chronic active hepatitis treatment

A

steroids

azathioprine

36
Q

wilsons disease treatment

A

pencillamine

triantine

37
Q

budd chiari syndrome treatment

A

anti-coagulation

decompression of venous system

38
Q

haemochromatosis treatment

A

venesection

39
Q

child-pugh score factors

A 
prothrombin time
albumin
bilirubin
encephalopathy
ascites
40
Q

tumour marker for colorectal cancer

A

cea

carcinoembryonic antigen

41
Q

gene pj sydrome

A

stk11

42
Q

fap gene

A

apc at 5q21

43
Q

hnpcc gene/lynch

A

mismatch repair genes

44
Q

which one is the marker of acute liver disease
prothrombin time
or
albumin

A

prothrombin time as it has a shorter half life to albumin so used to measure paracetamol overdose

-albumin is an acute inflammatory marker so decrease with acute inflammation

gastrointestinal (26 decks)

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