Deferasirox (use)
Hemochromatosis
Deferoxamine (use)
Hemochromatosis
Cimetidine and other “-dine” (mechanism)
H2 blocker (reversible)
Cimetidine and other “-dine” (3 uses)
Peptic ulcer
Gastritis
Mild reflux
Cimetidine and other “-dine” (side effects)
Cimetidine only: P450 inhibitor, antiandrogenic, crosses BBB and placenta
Cimetidine and ranitidine: decreases renal excretion of creatinine
-prazole (mechanism)
PPI - irreversibly inhibit H+/K+ ATPase in parietal cells
So will inhibit acid secretion in response to ACh, histamine, and gastrin (unlike atropine, which only blocks ACh pathway, or H2 blockers, which only block histamine pathway
-prazole (4 uses)
Peptic ulcer
Gastritis
Eso reflux
ZE
-prazole (side effects)
Increased risk of C diff and pneumonia
Hip fx
Lowers serum Mg2+ w/ long term use
Bismuth (mechanism)
Binds to ulcer base (physical protection for mucous layer)
Bismuth (2 uses)
Ulcer healing
Travelers’ diarrhea
Sucralfate (mechanism)
Binds to ulcer base (physical protection for mucous layer)
Sucralfate (2 uses)
Ulcer healing
Travelers’ diarrhea
Misoprostol (mechanism)
PGE1 analog -> better gastric mucous barrier, decreases acid production
Misoprostol (3 uses)
Prevent NSAID-induced peptic ulcers Maintain PDA Induce labor (ripens cervix)
Misoprostol (side effects)
Diarrhea
Abortion
Aluminum hydroxide (use)
Antacid
Aluminum hydroxide (side effects)
Constipation, hypophosphatemia, prox m. weakness, osteodystrophy, seizures, hypokalemia
Calcium carbonate (use)
Antacid
Calcium carbonate (side effects)
Rebound increase in acid
Reduces effectiveness of other drugs (tetracycline)
Hypokalemia
Magnesium hydroxide (2 uses)
Antacid
Osmotic laxative
Magnesium hydroxide (side effects)
Diarrhea, cardiac arrest, hyporeflexia, hypotension, hypokalemia
Magnesium citrate (use)
Osmotic laxative
PEG (use)
Osmotic laxative
Lactulose (2 uses)
Osmotic laxative
Hepatic encephalopathy or hyperammonemia in general (ACIDIFIES INTESTINAL CONTENT b/c it gets degraded by bac into acetic acid and lactic acid -> NH3 moves in from blood and gets converted to NH4+ -> body poops it out)
Infliximab (mechanism)
Monoclonal Ab to TNF-a
Infliximab (5 uses)
Crohn UC RA Ankylosing spondylitis Psoriasis
Infliximab (side effects)
Infection (TB reactivation), fever, hypotension
Sulfasalazine (mechanism)
Salfapyridine (antibac) + 5-ASA (anti inflammatory)
Activated by colonic bac
Sulfasalazine (2 uses)
UC
Crohn
Sulfasalazine (side effects)
Sulfonamide toxicity, reversible oligospermia, malaise, nausea
Ondansetron (mechanism)
5-HT3 ANTAgonist, decreases vagal stimulation
Ondansetron (use)
Antiemetic in post-op chemo pts
Ondansetron (side effects)
Headache, constipation
Metoclopramide (mechanism and 2 uses)
D2 ANTAgonist (prokinetic and antiemetic), doesn't influence colon transport time For gastroparesis (in diabetic or post-surgery), antiemetic
Metoclopramide (side effects)
Parkinsonian effects
Interactions w/ digoxin and diabetic agents
Contraindicated w/ small bowel obstruction or Parkinson disease
Rifaximin (mechanism and use)
Kills intestinal bacteria
For hepatic encephalopathy
Penicillamine (mechanism and use)
Copper chelator
Wilson disease
Trientine (use)
Wilson disease
Orlistat (mechanism and use)
Inhibits intestinal lipase -> inhibits fat absorption
Weight loss tx for obesity