GI Drugs: First Aid

Question 1

Bismuth subsalicylate

Answer 1

traveller’s diarrhea

Question 2

Octreotide
MOA
TU
Tox

Answer 2

MOA: somatostatin agonist, inhibits vasodilatory hormones
TU: acute variceal hemorrhage, neuroendocrine tumors
Tox: cholestasis

Question 3

Magnesium hydroxide
Magnesium citrate
Polyethylene glycol
Lactulose
MOA
TU
Tox

Answer 3

MOA: osmotic load water –> lumen
TU: constipation (lactulose for hepatic encephalopathy)
Tox: dehydration

Question 4

Lactulose

Answer 4

MOA: osmotic laxative
TU: hepatic encephalopathy, constipation
Tox: dehydration

Question 5

Sulfasalazine
MOA
TU
Tox

Answer 5

MOA: colonic bacteria break down to sulfa Abx and 5-ASA (anti-inflammatory)
TU: UC, Crohn’s (colitis component)
Tox: reversible oligospermia

Question 6

Loperamide
MOA
TU

Answer 6

MOA: µ-opioid agonist, slow motility. low CNS penetration
TU: diarrhea

Question 7

Ondonstetron
MOA
TU
Tox

Answer 7

MOA: 5-HT3 antagonist
TU: antiemetic, cancer
Tox: QT prolongation

Question 8

Metoclopramide
MOA
TU
Tox

Answer 8

MOA: D2 antagonist, increases tone and motility
TU: diabetic and postop gastroparesis
Tox: Parkinsonism, tardative dyskinesia

Question 9

Ursodiol
MOA
TU

Answer 9

MOA: nontoxic bile acid, increase bile secretion and decrease cholesterol secretion and absorption
TU: 1˚ biliary cirrhosis, gallstone prevention and dissolution