GI Dysfunctions

Question 1

chief cells

Answer 1

secrete pepsinogen (breaks down proteins )

Question 1

parietal cells

Answer 1

secrete 1 to 3 liters of hydrochloric acid each day and intrinsic factor

Question 2

Histamine can do what to the proton pump?

Answer 2

start

Question 3

proton pump

Answer 3

makes enzymes that help build hydrochloric acid, turning it off leads to reduced acid secretions and reduced pain

Question 4

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Answer 4

fooda nd acids moving the wrong way and causes heartburn, risk of aspiration, most common in people greater than 40 and infants, obsesity

Question 5

peptic ulcer disease (PUD)

Answer 5

erosion of mucosal layer of GI tract, caused by H. pylori and/or NSAID’s

Question 6

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Answer 6

often autoimmune, hereditary

Question 7

what can cause GERD?

Answer 7

weakened lower esophageal sphincter, in infants due to either stenosis of sphincter or immaturity of GI system

Question 8

what happens with long term GERD?

Answer 8

esophagitis, at risk for cancer, esophageal ulcers, strictures

Question 9

GERD treatment

Answer 9

elevating HOB, avoid fatty acids and foods, eat smaller meals, eliminate tobacco and alcohol

Question 10

Drugs for GERD

Answer 10

Proton pump inhibitors, H2 receptor agonists, antacids

Question 11

PUD symptoms

Answer 11

bright red blood in vomit, black tarry stools, could penetrate gastric wall and lead to death

Question 12

risk factors for PUD

Answer 12

family hx, tobacco, caffeine in food bevs, drugs (corticosteroids and asprin), stress, H. Pylori

Question 13

PUD treatment for H.Pylori

Answer 13

omperazole, clarithromycin, amoxicillin

Question 14

PUD treatment for no H. Pylori

Answer 14

same as GERD

Question 15

inflammatory bowel disease

Answer 15

crohns or ulcerative colitis, autoimmune, Abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, bloody stools, fever, Goals of therapy:
Reduce acute symptoms of active disease
Keep disease in remission
Change the natural course or progression of disease.

Question 16

drugs for infammatory bowel disease

Answer 16

start with 5-ASA drugs (sulfasalazine) because they are safe and oral corticosteroids are used next