GI Histo II

Question 1

Mucosa in the large intestine has what kind of epithelium

Answer 1

Simple columnar with abundant goblet cells & lymphoid nodules

Question 2

Does the mucosa of the large intestine have folds or villi

Answer 2

NO

Question 3

Taenia coli instead of the outer longitudinal muscle layer is located here in the large intestine

Answer 3

Muscularis externa

Question 4

Has epiploic appendices in the large intestine

Answer 4

Serosa/adventitia

Question 5

What are the components of the large intestine

Answer 5

Ascending, transverse, descending, & sigmoid colon; upper anus & cecum

Question 6

Narrow lumen with abundant lymphoid nodules in the submucosa that can infiltrate the lamina propria

Answer 6

Vermiform appendix (no taenia coli)

Question 7

Mucosa of the anal canal is different upper vs lower by how

Answer 7

Upper - simple columnar epithelium

Lower - stratified squamous epithelium

Question 8

Submucosa of the anal canal has large _____

Answer 8

Apocrine sweat glands & sebaceous glands

Question 9

The muscularis externa of the anal canal is different upper vs lower by how

Answer 9

Upper - smooth muscles to from the internal anal sphincter

Lower - skeletal muscle from the puborectalis muscles that forms the external anal sphincter

Question 10

Function: moisten & lubricate food for swallowing

Answer 10

Salivary gland

Question 11

What are the three major salivary glands

Answer 11

1. Submandibular
2. Sublingual
3. Parotid (largest)

Question 12

How to tell the difference in slides of the salivary gland cells: serous vs mucous

Answer 12

Serous - dark & dense, organized as acinus or demilune

Mucous - wispy clouds, tubular organization

Question 13

Short, cuboidal cells in the salivary glands

Answer 13

Intercalated ducts

Question 14

Joining of several intercalated ducts; radial striations extend from base to nucleus within the cell (salivary gland cell)

Answer 14

Striated duct

Question 15

Large diameter, large lumen, stratified cuboidal cells, outside of lobules (salivary gland cell)

Answer 15

Excretory duct

Question 16

____ gland has all serous cells; secretes amylase, maltase, & sialomucin

Answer 16

Parotid

Question 17

____ gland has 20% mucous & 80% serous acini

Answer 17

Submandibular (sero-mucous)

Question 18

____ gland has mostly mucous cells in acini

Answer 18

Sublingual gland

Question 19

Largest gland with a thin capsule & a reticular CT network forming the storms that supports the vasculature penetrating the parenchyma

Answer 19

Liver

Question 20

Portal triads of the liver consist of

Answer 20

1. Bile duct
2. Hepatic artery - supplies oxygen rich blood to liver
3. Hepatic portal vein - carries venous blood with nutrients from digestive viscera (large lumen/thin wall)

Question 21

Enlarged, leaky capillaries, Lind with endothelial cels located between hepatic plates in a radial orientation; mixed arterial & venous blood flow TOWARDS central vein

Answer 21

Liver sinusoids

Question 22

Separates the sinusoid endothelium from the hepatocytes; fluid flow towards lymphatic vessels OPPOSITE that of the blood flow (towards periphery)

Answer 22

Space of Disse

Question 23

Hepatic macrophages found in the liver sinusoid wall

Answer 23

Kupffer cells

Question 24

Found in the space of Disse, also store the retinyl esters of vitamin A

Answer 24

Ito cells

Question 25

Secreted bile flows between hepatocytes within the ______ towards the bile ducts in the portal triads

Answer 25

Bile canaliculi

Question 26

There are ___ interaction of bile with blood

Answer 26

NO

Question 27

Hexagonal shaped with central vein in the middle & portal triad at periphery (based on blood flow - mixed blood)

Answer 27

Classic lobule

Question 28

Based on bile flow - triangular shaped

Answer 28

Portal lobule

Question 29

Base on changes of O@, nutrients toxin content in the blood; diamond shaped

Answer 29

Hepatic acinus

Question 30

Serous, compound - acinus gland resembles parotid gland, except NO STRIATED DUCTS

Answer 30

Pancreas

Question 31

What are the two cell types of the pancreas

Answer 31

1. Pancreatic acinar cell | 2. Centroacinar cells

Question 32

Serous cells which are basophils; have have zymogen granules that contain: trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, carboxypeptidase, ribonuclease, DNAase, lipase, elastase, amylase

Answer 32

Pancreatic acinar cell

Question 33

Make bicarbonate rich fluid to neutralize acid in duodenum in response to secretin (how to determine pancreas)

Answer 33

Centroacinar cells

Question 34

The gallbladder has mucosa that is ________ with lamina propria

Answer 34

Simple columnar epithelium

Question 35

Function of the gallbladder (cholecyst) is to

Answer 35

Store & concentrate 30-50ml bile

Question 36

Bile salts are cholesterol derivatives that:

Answer 36

1. Emulsify fat 2. Facilitate fat & cholesterol absorption 3. Help solubilize cholesterol