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D1 Host and Defense > GI LAB > Flashcards

GI LAB Flashcards

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1
Q

On MAC is Salmonella a lactose fermenter?

A

Salmonella = non lactose fermenter

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2
Q

On MAC is Shigella a lactose fermenter?

A

Shigella = non lactose fermenter

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3
Q

On MAC is Shiga producing E. Coli (STEC) a lactose fermenter?

A

Shiga producing E. Coli (STEC) = Lactose Fermenter

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4
Q

On MAC is Vibrio a lactose fermenter?

A

Vibrio = non-lactose fermenter

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5
Q

On MAC is Campylobacter a lactose fermenter?

A

Campylobacter = no growth on MAC

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6
Q

Salmonella is oxidase?

A

Salmonella = oxidase negative

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7
Q

Shigella is oxidase?

A

shigella = oxidase negative

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8
Q

Shiga producing E. Coli (STEC) is oxidase?

A

Shiga producing E. Coli (STEC)= oxidase negative

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9
Q

Vibrio is oxidase?

A

Vibrio = oxidase positve

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10
Q

Campylobacter is oxidase?

A

campylobacter = oxidase positive

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11
Q

what type of media will Vibrio grow on?

A

TCBS

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12
Q

how to detect H2S?

A

via SIM (sulfide indole motility agar)

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13
Q

what organisms produce H2S?

A

salmonella

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14
Q

what conditions does Clostridium difficile require to grow?

A

anaerobic sheep blood agar

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15
Q

what organism smells like horse barn?

A

clostridium difficile

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16
Q

what does Campylobacter need to grow?

A

CAMPy CVA media (cefoperazone, vancomycin and amphotericin B)
-incubate at 42 degrees celcius in 105 CO2

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17
Q

what is the gram stain and morphology of Clostridium difficile?

A

C. diff. = gram positive bacilli - anaerobic

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18
Q

what is the gram stain and morphology of Vibrio

A

Vibrio = curved gram negative bacilli

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19
Q

what is the gram stain and morphology of Campylobacter?

A

Campy = curved gram negative bacilli

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20
Q

what is the gram stain and morphology of Salmonella?

A

Salmonella = gram negative bacilli

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21
Q

what is the gram stain and morphology of Shigella?

A

shigella = gram negative bacilli

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22
Q

what is the gram stain and morphology of STEC?

A

gram negative bacilli

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23
Q

how to identify Cryptosporidium?

A

microscopy showing acid fast oocysts

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24
Q

how to identify Giardia?

A

microscopy showing cysts and trophozoites in stool; prefered method = antigen detection

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25
does Salmonella oxidize and or ferment glucose?
salmonella ferments glucose
26
does Shigella oxidize and or ferment glucose?
shigella ferments glucose
27
does Shiga toxin producing E. Coli (STEC) oxidize and or ferment glucose?
Shiga toxin producing E. Coli (STEC) ferments glucose
28
does Vibrio oxidize and or ferment glucose?
Vibrio ferments glucose
29
STEC in fermentation of sorbitol?
STEC - does NOT ferment sorbitol - it will ferment lactose
30
enterics and glucose fermentation?
all enterics are glucose fermentoers
31
all enteric gram negative bacilli are oxidase?
-negative
32
what do most species of Vibrio require to grow?
NaCl
33
what is the consistency of stool that cysts and trophs are found in?
cysts - more solid stools | trophs - watery stools
34
in giardia what stage is infecive?
the cyst stage is infectious
35
what is the trophozoite stage in giardia?
the trophozoite stage has flagella and is for feeding and reproduction
36
what causes C. difficile?
- broad spectrum antibiotics | - recent hospitalization
37
what causes the problems and symptoms in C. Diff?
- C. Diff is antibiotic resistant and produces spores and it outgrow the normal flora - pathogenic strains often have toxin A, Toxin B
38
signs and symptoms of C. diff?
-bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, higher WBC
39
how to treat C. diff?
- stop antibiotics - start oral vancomycin or metronidazole - avoid antidiarrheals
40
what is the leading cause of gastric injury with inflammation?
Helicobacter pylori
41
what can H. pylori cause?
- erythema, nodularity due to patchy inflammation - gastic or duodenal ulcer - inflammation of the antrum
42
gram stain and morphology of Helicobacter pylori?
gram negative bacilli
43
what forms of hepatitis are acute?
hepatitis A is acute
44
what forms of hepatitis can causes cirrhosis of the liver?
type B and C
45
when is biopsy indicated in testing for hepatitis?
to assess chronic viral hepatitis that lasts for than 6 months
46
what is the most common cause of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis?
hepatitis C
47
what does cirrhosis of the liver look like?
nodules
48
how long does acute diarrhea last for?
less than 2 weeks
49
how long does persistent diarrhea last for?
2-4 weeks
50
how long does chronic diarrhea last for?
great than 4 weeks
51
describe the likely causative agent of acute diarrhea?
viral and bacterial
52
how to tell the difference of viral and bacterial acute diarrhea based on symptoms?
- viral = self limited | - bacterial = if severe or with fever or bloody stool
53
describe the likely causative agent of persistent diarrhea?
- less likely bacterial or viral | - can be parasite
54
a malabsorption of fat causes?
-greasy stools that float in the toilet and smell bad and lots of gas
55
high volume diarrhea is an issue with what anatomical site?
the small intestine | -less at night and worse after meals
56
STEC and cholera cause what type of stool?
high volume water diarrhea and dehydration b/c toxins block fluid reabsorption
57
what 3 things form spores?
- bacillis cereus - clostridium perfringes - clostridium difficile
58
what causes neonatal meningitis
Listeria monocytogenes
59
what causes Hemolytic uremic syndrome?
STEC
60
entrobacteria are treated by?
carbabenems

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