GI MIDTERM

Question 1

Where does a Mallory Weiss Tear Occur?

Answer 1

gastroesophageal junction

Question 2

which are3 reasons for hematemesis due to the esophagus?

Answer 2

esophageal varices, esophageal mucosal lesions, and mallory weiss tears

Question 3

Which area of the esophagus do varices enlarge and congest at?

Answer 3

lower end of the esophagus

Question 4

4 types of espophagitis

Answer 4

pill, infectious, non treated gerd, and eosinophilic

Question 5

Infectious esophagitis is due to what 4 bacterial/viral infections?

Answer 5

Candida, CMV, HIV, and Herpes Simplex

Question 6

If a patient is having trouble swallowing solids only, what could the problem be?

Answer 6

mechanical obstruction; strictures, webs/rings, diverticuli, and TUMORS

Question 7

If a patient is having problem swallowing solids AND liquids, what could the problem be?

Answer 7

motility issues

Question 8

Esophageal webs are located where in the esophagus?

Answer 8

upper esophagus

Question 9

WHen can webs become symptomatic?

Answer 9

when they become circumferential

Question 10

Plummer vinson syndrome is BLANKKK

Answer 10

a combination of symptomatic proximal esophageal webs and iron deficiency anemia

Question 11

Shatzki Rings are located where and are what?

Answer 11

lower esophagus and are

Question 12

A pouch of sac in a tubular organ in the esophagus is called a

Answer 12

Zenker’s diverticulum

Question 13

most common location of zenkers diverticulum is

Answer 13

hypophargyngeal region

Question 14

Which is more common: gastric of duodenal ulcers?

Answer 14

duodenal

Question 15

Duodenal is more common in old or young Pts

Answer 15

Young

Question 16

Duodenal has normal to BLANKK acid, where gastric has normal to BLANKK acid

Answer 16

DUodenal=high acid; gastric=low acid

Question 17

most common risk factors of gastric and duodenal uldcers?

Answer 17

H pylori and NSAIDS

Question 18

what part of the GI does H pylori accumulate?

Answer 18

antrum of stomach

Question 19

pain is worsened with food. which type of ulcer

Answer 19

gastric

Question 20

pain is relieved with food. which type of ulcer

Answer 20

duodenal

Question 21

Most common complication oif PUD

Answer 21

bleeding

Question 22

Perforation with PUD presents as:

Answer 22

severe, painful, board like abdomen

Question 23

Zollinger Ellison syndrome is

Answer 23

peptic ulcer disease caused by endocrine TUMOR that secretes too much gastrin

Question 24

WHat is the main difference bt dyspepsia and gastritis?

Answer 24

dyspepsia=pain in abdominal stomach region

gastritis= inflammatory pathology that is histologically confirmed

Question 25

Pernicious Anemia is associated with what type of chronic gastritis?

Answer 25

type A autoimmune d/ autoantibodies attacking IF.

Question 26

yellow discoloration in the eyes is called

Answer 26

scleral icterus

Question 27

Inherited hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 27

Gilberts syndrome

Question 28

Carotenoderma is

Answer 28

yellow coloring of the skin due to excessive intake of foods containing carotene

Question 29

Carotenoderma vs jaundice: which affects the sclera?

Answer 29

Jaundice. CAROTENODERMA DOES NOT AFFECT THE SCLERA

Question 30

number one cause of acute liver failure is

Answer 30

drug induced liver injury by acetaminophen

Question 31

What tests would you do to determine if someone was having hepatocellular injury?

Answer 31

ALT and AST

Question 32

What test would you perform to determine if the sxs were caused by a biliary issue?

Answer 32

Alkaline phosphate

Question 33

What is the most common chronic liver disease in the US?

Answer 33

Non alcoholic fatty liver disease

Question 34

Which race is nonalcoholic fatty liver disease most common in?

Answer 34

latinos

Question 35

Risk factors of non alcoholic fatty liver liver disease include 2?

Answer 35

obesity and diabetess

Question 36

In order for someone to be diagnosed with NAFLD, they must deny

Answer 36

drinking alcohol amounts unsafe for the liver.

Question 37

Steatosis=

Answer 37

Accumulation of triglycerides with NO inflammation

Question 38

Steatohepatitis=

Answer 38

accumulation of triglycerides with inflammation and cell death.

Question 39

Cirrhosis is reversible T/F

Answer 39

F; cirrhosis is irreversible

Question 40

Steatohepatitis is reversible T/F

Answer 40

T: can improve to steatosis with no inflammation

Question 41

Best form of initial ancillary study for NAFLD=

Answer 41

ultrasound