GI system chapter 5

Question 1

visualization of what structures indicates that the correct contrast scale has been used for a plain abdominal radiograph

Answer 1

liver, kidneys, and psoas muscle shadows

lumbar spine and transverse processes

Question 2

the rhythmic smooth muscle contractions found in the upper gastrointestinal system are called

Answer 2

peristalsis

Question 3

the greatest amount of digestion occurs in which portion of the intestine

Answer 3

the duodenum

Question 4

detoxification of poisonous substances takes place in which organ

Answer 4

the liver

Question 5

which organ controls the level of glucose in the circulating blood

Answer 5

the pancreas

Question 6

the telescoping of one part of the intestinal tract into another is termed

Answer 6

intussusception

Question 7

twisting of the bowel upon itself is termed

Answer 7

volvulus

Question 8

what is now considered to be the major imaging modality for the demonstration of gallstones

Answer 8

ultrasound

Question 9

what is the major cause of cirrhosis in the united states and eurobe

Answer 9

alcoholism

Question 10

rupture of the spleen as a result of blunt abdominal trauma can be best demonstrated by what imaging procedure

Answer 10

CT

Question 11

if a patient is too ill to stand what projection can be used to demonstrate pneumoperitoneum

Answer 11

left lateral decubitus pt. on left side

Question 12

extensive calcification in the wall of the gallbladder is termed

Answer 12

porcelain gallbladder

Question 13

varicose veins of the rectum are termed

Answer 13

hemorrhoids

Question 14

apple core and napkin ring are common descriptive terms foro annular carcinoma of the

Answer 14

colon

Question 15

crohn’s disease occurs in what organs

Answer 15

colon
small bowel
stomach

Question 16

the presence of large amounts of gas and fluid in uniformly dilated loops of small and large bowel often seen after abdominal surgery is termed

Answer 16

adynamic ileus

Question 17

what medical term is used to denote difficulty in swallowing

Answer 17

dysphagia

Question 18

gastric contents that are mixed with hydrochloric acid and pepsin are called

Answer 18

chyme

Question 19

to demonstrate esophageal reflux the patient is often asked to perform the

Answer 19

valsalva maneuver

Question 20

an abnormal connection between the esophagus and the trachea is termed a

Answer 20

fistula

Question 21

an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is termed

Answer 21

ascites

Question 22

herniations or outpouchings of the walls of a hollow organ are termed

Answer 22

diverticula

Question 23

a colonic intussusception can sometimes be reduced by what radiographic procedure

Answer 23

barium enema

Question 24

patients older than 40 years with a history of difficulty swallowing are usually assumed, until proven otherwise, to have what pathologic condition

Answer 24

esophageal hernia

Question 25

what is the most common manifestation of peptic ulcer disease

Answer 25

duodenal ulcer

Question 26

if loops of bowel are distended by abnormally large amounts of air and are occupying the central portion of the abdomen, the patient most likely has a

Answer 26

small bowel obstruction

Question 27

the muscle becomes hypertrophic preventing the normal emptying of the stomach in cases of

Answer 27

pyloric stenosis

Question 28

the most prevalent inflammatory disease of the liver most commonly caused by a viral infection or a reaction to drugs and toxins is

Answer 28

hepatitis