Respiratory system

Question 1

what is the major function of the respiratory system

Answer 1

oxygenation of the blood

removal of the body’s waste products

Question 2

upper respiratory system consists of

Answer 2

nasopharynx
oropharynx
larynx

Question 3

lower respiratory system consist of

Answer 3

trachea 
bronchi
bronchioles
terminal bronchiole
alveolar ducts/sacs

Question 4

pleura

Answer 4

double walled membrane that encases the lung

Question 5

the pleura consists of 2 layers

Answer 5

visceral pleura

parietal pleura

Question 6

visceral pleura

Answer 6

inner layer adheres lung

Question 7

parietal pleura

Answer 7

lines inner chest wall

Question 8

pleural space

Answer 8

space between visceral and parietal pleura

lubricated with fluid to prevent friction while lungs expand and contract

Question 9

epiglottitis

Answer 9

acute infection of the epiglottis

Question 10

epiglottitis is caused by

Answer 10

thickening tissue and influenza in children

Question 11

radiographic appearance of epiglottitis

Answer 11

lateral soft tissue neck creates a rounding thickening of the epiglotic shadow

Question 12

treatment of epiglottitis

Answer 12

hospitilization
intubation
antibiotics
corticosteriods to reduce swelling

Question 13

aspiration pneumonia

Answer 13

aspiration of esophageal or gastric contents into the lung

Question 14

aspiration pneumonia is common in patients with

Answer 14

esophagel obstruction
diverticula
neuromuscular swallowing disorder

Question 15

aspiration pneumonia radiographic appearance

Answer 15

mottled alveolar densities

Question 16

treatment of aspiration pneumonia

Answer 16

early diagnosis
corticosteroids
antibiotics

Question 17

lung abscess

Answer 17

necrotic area of pulmonary parenchyma containing purulent material

Question 18

complications of a lung abscess

Answer 18

bacterial pneumonia 
bronchial obstruction 
aspiration 
foreign body 
spread of bacteria to lung 
septic emboli

Question 19

radiographic appearance of a lung abscess

Answer 19

sphere like densities with a dense center
poorly defined margins
air fluid level with abscess

Question 20

treatment of a lung abscess

Answer 20

antibiotics

Question 21

tuberculoma

Answer 21

sharply circumscribed prenchymal nodule
can develop as either primary or secondary disease
can break down any time and lead to the spread of disease throughout the body

Question 22

tuberculoma radiographic appearance

Answer 22

large soft tissue mass sometimes containing calcifications

Question 23

tuberculoma treatment

Answer 23

2 drug regiment

sometimes takes 6 to 12 months for treatment

Question 24

respiratory syncytial virus

Answer 24

attacks lower respiratory tract

causes necrosis of epithelium

Question 25

respiratory syncytial virus can lead to

Answer 25

bronchiolitis | nosocomial infection

Question 26

radiographic appearance of respiratory syncytial virus

Answer 26

hyperinflation of the lungs | increased markings

Question 27

treatment of respiratory syncytial virus

Answer 27

can recover from your own immune system antibiotics oxygen therapy

Question 28

bronchiectasis

Answer 28

permanent abnormal dilation of one or more large bronchi

Question 29

bronchiectasis is almost always a result of

Answer 29

bacterial infection

Question 30

radiographic appearance of bronchiectasis

Answer 30

coarseness/ loss of interstitial air space not nice clear lungs loss of definition between alveoli and lungs severe cases give honeycomb pattern

Question 31

treatment of bronchiectasis

Answer 31

antibiotics

Question 32

asbestosis

Answer 32

workers engaged in manufacturing asbestos products, handling building materials or insulation composed of asbestos

Question 33

a major complication of asbestosis

Answer 33

mesothelioma - highly malignant pleural tumor

Question 34

asbestosis radiographic appearance

Answer 34

calcified plerual plaques

Question 35

treatment of asbestosis

Answer 35

clean air prevent exposure to asbestos oxygen therapy steroids

Question 36

atelectasis

Answer 36

collapsed lung | diminished air within the lung

Question 37

radiographic appearance of a foreign body

Answer 37

shift of the heart toward the affected side | elevation of the hemidiaphragm

Question 38

treatment of a foreign body

Answer 38

hard cough trying to expel it bronchoscope surgery

Question 39

platelike atelectasis

Answer 39

platelike markings in lower lungs

Question 40

what is the most common radiographic appearance of platelike atelectasis

Answer 40

increased density due to the lack of air in the lung

Question 41

treatment of atelectasis

Answer 41

spirometry

Question 42

diaphragmatic paralysis

Answer 42

parallysis of hemidiaphragm caused by any damage to the phrenic nerve

Question 43

eventration of diaphragm

Answer 43

rare congenital abnormality | one hemidiaphragm is too weak to permit upward movement

Question 44

treatment of eventration of diaphragm

Answer 44

gravity usually helps treat it | diaphragmatic pacer can be used to stimulate the movement of the diaphragm up and down