Giolitti's government 1911-1914 Flashcards
(15 cards)
What new party was formed in 1910?
The Associazione Nationalista Italiana (ANI) was formed bringing the Nationalists together under the leadership of Corradini and by 1914 they had significant support.
What ideological group grew?
Socialism grew in popularity which mirrored Italy’s industrialisation as the population of Italy’s northern cities expanded due to internal migration
Which was the most successful party in the 1913 election?
In the 1913 election, the PSI won a quarter of all votes and had 79 deputies in parliament
How was the North South divide evident?
The South was far less modern and accounted for only 27% of the wealth in Italy
How was Giolitti’s invasion of Libya partly to satisfy a political group?
Nationalist groups wanted the expansion of Italy’s territory which meant that there was a lot of pressure for an invasion
How did Giolitti and the PSI struggle to cooperate?
Giolitti had a programme of placating the PSI by offering moderate social reform which was partly successful particularly for moderates like Turati but Giolitti struggled to win over the entire the whole of the PSI. `
How did the economy improve under Giolitti?
exports increased by 4.5%
How did Giolitti attempt to stop the rise of nationalism?
he attempted to boost Italian support for his leadership through modernisation and economic reform however it failed to stop the rise of nationalism
What was the context for the invasion of Libya?
Italy wanted to create more aggressive foreign policy due to the rise of Nationalist pressure and France was consolidating its power in Morocco and Italy was concerned that they would then want to invade Libya before they got a chance to. The church also had significant interests in Linya which encouraged the government to invade
When did Italy invade Libya?
29 September 1911
How did the invasion begin?
Italy seized all ports and coastal towns within three weeks and then 70000 troops were committed to the invasion and on the 8 of October Libya was formally handed over to Italy by the Ottomans
How did the creation of a unified Italy and the invasion of Libya backfire for Giolitti?
Rather than combining support for Giolitti’s government with the ANI, the ANI took credit for his successes and drew support towards the nationalist party. The ANI also capitalised on the dislike of Giolitti by claiming his handling of the war was mismanaged and had led to the loss of 3500 italians and 1300 million lire
What was the impact of the franchise extension?
It exacerbated Giolitti’s issues as he had to give the vote to men who had fought in the war in order for Italy to be more democratic however it meant that over 70% of Italy’s electorate was illiterate
How did Giolitti have to accommodate for the increase in the electorate?
Liberal deputies won 318 seats which was a loss of 71 from the 1909 election and the PSI now had 205 of the vote and the Conservative peasants votes for the Catholic party which meant that Giolitti relied heavily on Catholic support
Why did Giolitti resign as PM?
Socialists and radicals withdrew their support for his coalition government and extending the franchise had led to a situation where mass suffrage meant that Catholics and nationalists gained more support
