Globalisation Flashcards
(18 cards)
What is homogenisation?
The coming together of global cultures and development of a single culture without diversity.
Homogenisation refers to the process where diverse cultural identities are diminished in favor of a singular global culture.
Define interconnectedness in the context of globalisation.
Mutual reliance of two or more groups.
Interconnectedness highlights the dependency among nations and cultures in the global landscape.
Who are non-state actors?
Participants in international relations with significant power and influence that are not states.
Non-state actors include organizations like NGOs, multinational corporations, and terrorist groups.
What does globalisation refer to?
The development of closer economic, cultural, and political relations among all the countries of the world.
Globalisation encompasses various dimensions, including economic, cultural, and political interactions.
What is meant by economic globalisation?
The development of interconnectedness and interdependence in international trade, viewing the global economy as a single entity.
Economic globalisation is influenced by policies like the Bretton Woods system and the Washington Consensus.
What accelerated economic globalisation after the Cold War?
The collapse of the Soviet Union and the ‘end of history’.
These events led to increased global integration and cooperation.
What role do trans-national corporations (TNCs) play in economic globalisation?
TNCs have unprecedented power in the global system.
Their influence shapes global trade, production, and cultural exchange.
Define political globalisation.
The growing significance of international organisations in which states make decisions together, forming a type of global governance.
Political globalisation reflects how states collaborate on issues that transcend national borders.
What are some examples of international organisations that contribute to political globalisation?
- UN
- NATO
- EU
- IMF
- World Bank
- World Trade Organisation
- G20
These organisations facilitate cooperation among states on various global issues.
How is political globalisation linked to economic globalisation?
States need to come together to regulate international trade and solve disputes.
The interdependence of economies necessitates collective political action.
What is cultural globalisation?
The ‘flattening out’ of differences in culture between countries, leading to cultural homogeneity.
Cultural globalisation results in a shared global culture, often dominated by Western influences.
List some global brands that exemplify cultural globalisation.
- McDonald’s
- Coca-cola
- Apple
- Nike
These brands are recognized and consumed worldwide, contributing to the spread of a uniform culture.
What criticism is often directed at cultural globalisation?
It can be criticized as American cultural hegemony, Westernisation, or imperialism.
This criticism points to the dominance of Western culture over local traditions.
What has been part of the cultural globalisation process?
The spread of Western liberal ideas such as human rights and individualism.
These ideas have influenced global norms and values.
What is one challenge posed by globalisation to state control?
Challenge to state control over citizens in areas such as law.
This challenge can manifest in various forms, including legal jurisdiction issues.
What is the impact of globalisation on state sovereignty?
Development of ‘international law’ and challenge to state sovereignty.
International law can supersede national laws, affecting how states govern themselves.
What ethical dilemma arises from humanitarian intervention?
Under what circumstances should a state or supranational organisation violate the sovereignty of a state for humanitarian reasons?
This question highlights the tension between respecting sovereignty and addressing human rights violations.
What theory addresses the morality of war and intervention?
Just-War Theory.
Just-War Theory provides a framework for evaluating the justifications for going to war and the conduct within it.
