Globalisation Flashcards Preview

Geography- Global Systems and Governance > Globalisation > Flashcards

Flashcards in Globalisation Deck (18)
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1
Q

Globalisation

A

A process by which national economies, societies and cultures have become increasingly integrated through the global network of trade, communication, and transport

2
Q

5 Dimensions of Globalisation

A
Flows of Information 
Flows of Capital 
Flows of Products
Flows of Services
Flows of Labour
3
Q

Flows of Information Key Points

A

News, financial data
Email, internet, social media
People in different countries can communicate
Interconnected- learn about different cultures
Share ideas- development

4
Q

Flows of Capital Key Points

A

Money invested, historically within a country
FDI increased by nearly 4 times in last 20 years
Deregulation of financial services

5
Q

Why was the Deregulation of Financial Services a positive for flows of Capital?

A

Money moved more easily across national boundaries for:
Trade
Investment
Production

6
Q

Flows of Products Key Points

A

Historically made and sold in same country
Now made in LIC’s- reliance
Containerisation
WTO removal of taxes and tariffs encouraged global trade

7
Q

What reduces Flows of Products?

A

Protectionist economies

8
Q

Flows of Services Key Points

A

IT = global banking
Footloose companies
Deregulation of financial services means access to large markets
Low level services to LIC’s, cheap labour
High level services to HIC’s

9
Q

Flows of Labour Key Points

A

International- some level of wealth and education
Can lead to better working conditions
Can lead to worse conditions i.e. Filipino builders in Saudi Arabia live in slums
Interconnected- mix of cultures, family all over the world

10
Q

Importance of Marketing for TNC’s

A

Promoting and selling products everywhere
1 single market = 1 strategy
Economies of scale- cheaper- increase profit
Brand awareness

11
Q

Why do TNC marketing campaigns need regional adaptation?

A

Different laws

Different cultural attitudes i.e. alcohol

12
Q

5 Factors affecting Globalisation

A
Transport
Financial 
Management and Information Systems 
Communications
Security
13
Q

Factors affecting Globalisation: Transport

A

Containerisation
High speed rail and faster planes, people and products move around more quickly
Cars and infrastructure

14
Q

Factors affecting Globalisation: Financial

A

Links to technological advances and relaxed trade barriers

Internet means a potential investor can research a company- informed decisions

15
Q

Factors affecting Globalisation: Management and Information Systems

A

Allowed companies to change how they manage themselves
i.e. R&D, manufacturing, sales rarely on same site
Instant communication
Global transfer of money

16
Q

Factors affecting Globalisation: Communications

A

Satellites first launched in 1960’s- cheap wireless communication
Optic fibres- fast, almost instant communication
Rise in social media and instant messaging

17
Q

Factors affecting Globalisation: Security

A

Online security breaches cost £1.5 million each in UK
Global trade increases global security as countries are less likely to go to war
World Customs Organisation- stays ahead of crime relating to movement of goods and services
i.e. Illegal weapons trade, drug enforcement
EU Secure Operator Initiative - important with the relaxed tariffs of the trade agreement, if too long movement of goods is slowed

18
Q

HSBC

A
4th largest bank- 10 million customers
9,500 branches in 85 countries
First Direct, Bank of Bermuda (feels less global- more trusted)
HQ: Canary Wharf
Call Centres: India