Globalisation Critique Flashcards
(16 cards)
Benefits of globalisation - integration
-pool resources to help solve global issues
-bettering understanding between people of different backgrounds -> social cohesion
Named example of integration
solve global issues- Under the Antarctic Treaty countries must share findings from scientific research. Monitoring the melting ice in Antarctica has informed efforts to combat climate change. Collaboration allows for sharing of resources such as research stations.
Migration has led to multiculturalism eg. Brick Lane 41% Bangladeshi population
Leeds 12% of the population born outside of the uk
Benefits of globalisation - development
-Foreign investment brings in capital and that can lead to improvements in education and infrastructure which can then attract more trade and investment-> multiplier effect
-global institutions can direct resources to help countries develop
Development examples
-UN Millennium Development Goals
>reduced number living in poverty, those living in poverty have halved in last 15 years
>43 million more children go to school
World Bank gives development loans to the least developed countries to increase economic growth
Benefits if globalisation economic growth
-global trade, countries can profit from natural resources and specialist industries
-global trade can gain access to products and services they cannot produce themselves
Economic growth example
-bananas el guabo association, 30,000 boxes a week, benefits to workers eg. Free use of the el guabo health clinic, education
-umbrella city China
Benefits- stability
-countries being more dependent on one another discourages action that would cause instability
-good governance is vital for economic development
Stability example
UN provide support for countries to ensure stability in their governance, helps countries develop
-UN Peacekeeping missions eg. Peaceful elections held in Côte d’Ivoire after years of civil war
Costs inequalities
Within countries (rich + poor) when companies move to low-skilled jobs to less developed countries
low-skilled workers find it difficult to find jobs in developed countries
TNCs profits are repatriated to countries, those in LICS do not receive them
Between countries developed countries have greater access to capital and technology meaning they have an advantage over less developed countries
Costs inequalities examples
Leeds- deindustrialisation of the textile industry owing to competition from cheaper manufacturing abroad, concentrations of poverty in inner city eg. Beeston + Holbeck
Detroit- overseas companies producing cheaper steel (+ mechanisation) and lower labour costs caused deindustrialisation employment in car manufacturing reduced from 1.5 million to 250,000
London Docklands- London Docklands Development corporation failed to bring wealth to locals income per household in Canning Town less than 25% in Canary Wharf
Costs conflict
-developed countries have intervened in conflicts to gain access to resources eg. Oil
-cyber warfare, new source of conflict
Costs conflict example
-UK/NATO support for Ukraine, EU stopped oil + gas imports from Russia
-May 2017 Microsoft Windows cyber attack
Costs injustice
-improved transport and communications systems have made human trafficking easier
-many people in less developed countries have to work in sweatshops to make products for people in developed countries
Injustice examples
-many migrants have died trying to escape unsafe countries
-TNCs: Apple, Shenzen factory workers work for 60 hours a week for $100 per month
,14 recorded suicides by end of 2010
Costs- environmental degradation
-global trade increases the amount of transportation required, which means more pollution and greenhouse gas emissions
-access to resources from around the world causes deforestation
-global trade leads to ‘race to the bottom’ where companies ignore environmental impacts im order to produce cheaper goods
-abundance of cheap products means people are more wasteful creating lots of landfill
Environmental degradation example
-banana trade eg. Ecuador deforestation to clear room for plantations
