Globalisation fo crime + green and state

Question 1

the global crime economy who ?

Answer 1

castells

Question 3

what does castells say in global crime economy ?

Answer 3

global crime exonomy worth 1 trillion pounds.
EG. drug trade columbia
transnational crimes- demands/products for criminals
producing raw drugs comes from 3rd world country

Question 4

A03: surveillance

Answer 4

global criminal economy on line can be watched - focault

Question 5

A01: globalisation- capitalism and crime economy

Answer 5

Taylor - transnational corporations can commit crime globally E.G through cheap labour
- leads to insecurity of these people , causing lower class crime

Question 6

A03: capitalism and crime

Answer 6

capitalism is criminogenic , this is natural and the fault of capitalism

Question 7

A01- global risk consciousness

Answer 7

risk is seen as a global issue - increase in hate crime from fear of immigration due to fleeing of persecution. results in moral panics of governments
A03: principle of national sovereignty - own rules , allowed to say what is crime and not

Question 8

pattern of criminal organisation who is it ?

Answer 8

Hobbs and dunnongham

Question 9

what do hobbs and dunnongham say ?

Answer 9

economic change brought by globalisation affect criminal organisation

“glocal crime “ , global connections and commit locally . E.G drugs from other country , sold at home.
more multiplex connection

Question 10

A03: hobbs and dunningham

Answer 10

does not explain whether this new loose entrepreneur of crime is actually new or not , or if it has not just coexisted with traditional firms.

Question 11

south identifies two types of geeen crime ?

Answer 11

primary green crime / secondary green crime.

Question 12

what are two examples of primary green crime ?

Answer 12

crimes of air pollution : volkswagen emissions scandal
crimes of deforestation : state imposed

Question 13

two examples of secondary green crime :

Answer 13

state violence against opposition: rainbow warrior destruction
hazardous waste and organised crime

Question 14

green crime : harm - trangressive approach white

Answer 14

any form of harm to individual or environment is a crime
green criminology is a form of transgressive criminology
harm done that doesn’t break law

Question 15

Anthropogenic approach :

Answer 15

humans have a right to dominate nature/ for profit before state.
TNC and nations take this approach

A03: eco centric approach - green criminologists , green crime harms environment which harms people e.g global warming

Question 16

who comes up with the global risk society ?

Answer 16

beck

Question 17

what does beck say in “global risk society”

Answer 17

threats to human wellbeing and eco-system are human made- manufactured risk due to increased productivity.
behaviour causes risk because it hastens destruction of planet

Question 18

A03: global risk society

Answer 18

functionalists : crime just happens. organic analogy - without this green crime e.g for paper how would society function

Question 19

STATE CRIME : who comes up with the 4 categories of state crime ?

Answer 19

mclaughlin

Question 20

what are 2 of mclaughlins definitions of state crime?

Answer 20

political crimes - such as the censorship of the tianmen square massacre in china
crimes by security and police forces - genocide and war crime - israel bombing palestine

Question 21

the scale of state crime

Answer 21

weber claims the state has a monopoly of legitimate use of violence
potential to inflict massive harm : E.G holocaust

Question 22

A03 for scale of state crime :

Answer 22

marxist chambliss : crime of suites , shows bourgeoisie get away with stuff

Question 23

characteristic of state crime : state is source of law

Answer 23

states role to decide law - undermines system of justice
e.g nazi germans choice to sterilise disabled people through law
A03: principle of national sovereignty , how is this punished ?

Question 24

Schwedinger and schwedinger argue that …

Answer 24

the state commits crimes that violate human rights
accepting legal definition we risk being subservient to the state making law- crime should be viewed as anything trangsressive

Question 25

A03 for schwedinger and schwedinger ?

Answer 25

functionalists - transgressive crime such as environmental state can benefit society (organic analogy ) providing materials

Question 26

who comes up with culture of denial ?

Answer 26

Cohen

Question 27

what is the culture of denial ? cohen

Answer 27

state crime is justified by denial, by dictatorships. spiral of denial : abuse “didn’t happen” then “it’s not what it looks like” then - “it’s justified “

Question 28

A03: cohen- media

Answer 28

media allows synoptic surveillance - hard to get away with injustice

Question 29

state crime is a crime of modernity - Baumann -

Answer 29

modern society creates conditions that allows crime on a large scale -science technology and labour force creates grounds for genocide.

Question 30

what is neutralisation theory ? (matza)

Answer 30

techniques of neutralisation provides excuse for state officials committing human rights abuse condemning condemners: you’re against us denial of responsibility - link to milgram