Glossary test 16

Question 1

Allow us to make inferences about populations using data drawn from the population. Instead of using the entire population to gather data, the researcher will collect a sample from the millions of residents and make inferences about the entire population using the sample. It will tell us what data means, and if a result is significant or not.

Answer 1

Inferential statistics

Question 2

This is an inferential statistical test for differences in scores for the same participants in a repeated measures design experiment.

Answer 2

Sign test

Question 3

A numerical measure of the likelihood or chance that certain events will occur.

Answer 3

Probability

Question 4

A statistical term indicating that the research findings are sufficiently strong that we can reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternate hypothesis.

Answer 4

Significance

Question 5

The value that a statistical test must reach in order for the results to be significant.

Answer 5

Critical value

Question 6

A false positive; accepting the alternate hypothesis when we should have accepted the null.

Answer 6

Type 1 error

Question 7

A false negative; accepting the null hypothesis when we should have accepted the alternate.

Answer 7

Type 2 error

Question 8

This tells us what the numbers in our data represent and what we can do with them in terms of statistical tests. There are 3 levels: nominal, ordinal and interval.

Answer 8

Level of measurement

Question 9

Categorical data

Answer 9

Nominal data

Question 10

Ordered or ranked data, the numbers have a meaning but not strictly mathematical one.

Answer 10

Ordinal data

Question 11

The numbers have a mathematical relationship to each other and the gaps between them are evenly spaced.

Answer 11

Interval data