Gluconeogenisis

Question 1

First step in GNEO

Answer 1

pyruvate to oxaloacetate

Question 2

first step is catalyzed by

Answer 2

pyruvate carboxylase (requires ATP)

Question 3

second step in GNEO

Answer 3

oxaloacetate to malate

Question 4

second step catalyzed by

Answer 4

malate dehydrogenase

Question 5

How to overcome the 3rd step in glycolysis

Answer 5

use F,16BPase

Question 6

how to overcome the first step in glycolysis

Answer 6

use G6Pase

Question 7

energy investment for GNEO

Answer 7

one ATP, one GTP

Question 8

Third step in GNEO

Answer 8

oxaloacetate to PEP

Question 9

third step catalyzed by

Answer 9

PEP carboxykinase (requires GTP)

Question 10

Draw out glycogenisis pathway

Answer 10

Glucose to G6P to G1P to UDP Glucose to Glycogen

Question 11

What enzyme makes glycogen parent chains

Answer 11

glycogen synthase (alpha 1,4)

Question 12

what enzyme makes glycogen branches

Answer 12

branching enzyme (alpha 1,6)

Question 13

what enzyme destroys glycogen parent chain?

Answer 13

glycogen phosphorylase (alpha 1,4)

Question 14

what enzyme destroys glycogen branches?

Answer 14

debranching enzyme (alpha 1,6)

Question 15

substrates for gluconeogenisis

Answer 15

glycerol, lactate, AA’s (except lys and leu)

Question 16

Purpose of the pentose phosphate pathway

Answer 16

create NADPH and ribose 5 P for nucleotide synthesis

Question 17

why do we need NADPH?

Answer 17

used in photosynthesis

Question 18

Energy gains from pentose phosphate pathway

Answer 18

2 molecules NADPH

Question 19

draw out pentose phosphate pathway

Answer 19

Glucose to G6P to 6 phosphogluconate to Ribulose 5P to Ribose 5P

Question 20

what is the enzyme that converts G6p to 6 phosphogluconate?

Answer 20

G6P dehydrogenase