Gluteal Region

Question 1

What enters and exits the Greater Sciatic Nerve?

Answer 1

all nerves exit the Greater Sciatic Foramen:

1. Gluteal neurovascular bundle
2. Piriformis m.
3. Sciatic nerve
4. Posterior femoral cutaneous n.
5. pudendal and internal pudendal a.
6. obturator internus/superior gemellus

Question 2

What ligaments form the greater/less sciatic foramen?

Answer 2

Sacrotuberous ligament (Greater sciatic)
Sacrospinous ligament (lesser sciatic)

Question 3

What enters/exits the lesser sciatic foramen?

Answer 3

1. Pudendal n and internal pudendal artery (enter)
2. Obturator internus and superior gemellus nerve (enter)
3. obturator internus (exit)

Question 4

Cluneal Nerves

Answer 4

cutaneous nerves of the gluteal region

1. Superior - lateral branches of dorsal rami
2. middle - dorsal rami 2/3
3. lower - ventral rami

Question 5

Super gluteal nerve

Answer 5

leaves pelvis superior to periformis with superior gluteal artery

runs between gluteus medius and minimus

supplies those + tensor fasciae latae

Question 6

Inferior gluteal nerve

Answer 6

Leaves pelvis inferior to periformis with inferior gluteal artery

supplies gluteus maximus

Question 7

Sciatic Nerve

Answer 7

Leaves pelvis inferior to periformis
runs deep to gluteus maximus

usually divides half down into tibial and common fibular nerves

no gluteal region innervated

Question 8

Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

Answer 8

s1-s3

supplies more skin than any other cutaneous nerve

Question 9

Obturator Internus/Superior Gemellus Nerve

Answer 9

Leaves pelvis through greater sciatic and re-enters through lesser sciatic nerve

Question 10

Pudendal nerve

Answer 10

most medial structure exiting greater sciatic nerve, re-enters via lesser sciatic foramen to supply perineal structures

Question 11

Arteries of gluteal region

Answer 11

Branches arise from internal iliac

1. superior gluteal artery
2. inferior artery
3. internal pudendal artery

Question 12

Superior Gluteal artery

Answer 12

Largest internal iliac artery branch

Deep/superficial branch

Superficial branch: gluteus maximus
Deep branch: gluteus medius, minimus, tensor
fascia lata

Question 13

Deep branch of the superior gluteal artery

Answer 13

gluteus medius, minimus, tensor fascia lata

Question 14

Inferior gluteal artery

Answer 14

gluteus maximus
small lateral rotators
superior hamstrings

participate in cruciate anastomoses

Question 15

Cruciate anastomoses includes

Answer 15

1. transverse branch of medial circumflex femoral artery
2. terminal part of transverse branch of lateral circumflex
3. femoral artery
4. first perforating artery
5. inferior gluteal artery

Question 16

Internal pudendal artery

Answer 16

reenters pelvis via lesser sciatic
supplies perineal muscles and ext genitalia

NO GLUTEAL structures

Question 17

Gluteal injections should

Answer 17

1. be made in superio-lateral part of gluteal region

Question 18

Chief extensor muscle of the thigh and lateral rotation

Answer 18

gluteus maximus

inferior gluteal nerve

attachment site: posterior gluteal line

Question 19

Thigh abduction and medial rotation, and supplied by

superior gluteal nerve

Answer 19

gluteus minimus and medius

Question 20

My function is abduction, medial rotation of the thigh as well as flexion. I also assist in slight extension of the knee

Answer 20

tensor fascia lata

Question 21

Iliotibial tract: where and function

Answer 21

runs from iliac tubercle to gerdy’s

reinforced by tensor fascia latae and gluteus maximus

functionL decelerating adduction of thigh, extends leg, compensate for quadriceps paralysis via gluteus maximums flexion

pulls patella laterally

Question 22

Pulls patella laterally and stretch to treat chondromalacia patella

Answer 22

ilitibial tract

Question 23

Positive Trendelenburg : signs

Answer 23

gluteal gait/limp

superior gluteal nerve injury

Question 24

a patient loses steadying action, what has been lost?

Answer 24

gluteus stabilizing actions

superior gluteal nerve has been effected

Question 25

Duchennes’s limp

Answer 25

loss of gluteus stabilizing function, superior gluteal nerve injury

Question 26

Deep to gluteus maximus, medial to gluteus medius

Answer 26

periformis

Question 27

Occludes or stops up

Answer 27

obturator internus

Question 28

“Extrapelvic parts of obturator internus”

Answer 28

superior/inferior gemelli

Question 29

Triceps Coxae

Answer 29

Superior/Inferior Gemelli + obturator internus

Question 30

Inserts in trochanteric fossa

origin is ischial spine+ lesser sciatic notch

Answer 30

inferior/superior gemellus

Question 31

Attachments:

external margins of obturator foramen
trochanteric fossa

Answer 31

obturator externus

deep to pectineus

Question 32

Attachments:

trochanteric crest and iliac below acetabulum

Answer 32

Quadratus femoris

Question 33

Lateral rotation muscles of hip

Answer 33

Obturator externus 
Obturator internus 
Triceps Coxae 
Piriformis 
Quadratus femoris 
Gluteus maximus 

Oh, Orion
The child’s
palaces Quake
for guilty men

Question 34

Oh, Orion
The child’s
palace Quakes
for guilty men

Answer 34

Obturator externus 
Obturator internus 
Triceps Coxae 
Piriformis 
Quadratus femoris 
Gluteus maximus 

lateral rotation of hip

Question 35

Medial rotation of hip

Answer 35

Tensor fasciae latae
gluteus medius
gluteus minimus

The faces leave
Gray medows
gutted and meager

Question 36

Which of the lateral rotatores is least effective when thigh is flexed?

Answer 36

piriformis

Question 37

The faces leave

meager

Gray medows

gutted

Answer 37

Tensor fasciae latae
gluteus medius
gluteus minimus

medial rotators