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Anatomy > Gluteal Region and Hamstrings > Flashcards

Gluteal Region and Hamstrings Flashcards

(79 cards)

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1
Q

Gluteus Minimus Action?

A

Abducts and medially rotates thigh

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2
Q

Gluteus Maximus Proximal?

A
  1. Ilium (posterior to posterior Gluteal line)
  2. Dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx
  3. sacrotuberous ligament
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3
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae Proximal?

A
  1. Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

2. Iliac Crest (anterior part)

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4
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae Action?

A
  1. Abducts with hip in flexed position

2. Rotates and abducts a flexed thigh

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5
Q

Gluteus Maximus Action?

A
  1. Extends the hip
  2. Laterally rotates the thigh
  3. Upper fibers aid to abduct thigh
  4. Keep upright when walking
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6
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae Distal?

A

IT band attached to lateral condyle of Tibia

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7
Q

Gluteus Medius Distal?

A

Greater trochanter lateral aspect

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8
Q

Gluteus Maximus Nerve?

A

Inferior Gluteal Nerve (L5, S1, S2)

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9
Q

Gluteus Maximus Distal?

A
  1. Gluteal Tuberosity of Femur (25%)

2. IT band (75%)

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10
Q

Gluteus Minimus Proximal?

A

Ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

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11
Q

Gluteus Medius Nerve?

A

Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4, L5, S1)

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12
Q

Gluteus Medius Proximal?

A

Ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

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13
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae Nerve?

A

Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4, L5, S1)

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14
Q

Gluteus Minimus Nerve?

A

Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4, L5, S1)

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15
Q

Gluteus Medius Action?

A
  1. Abducts and medially rotates thigh

2. Functionally: stabilized pelvis and prevents free limb from sagging during gait

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16
Q

Gluteus Minimus Distal?

A

Greater Trochanter anterior surface

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17
Q

Piriformis Proximal?

A
  1. Anterior surface of Sacrum

2. Sacrotuberous Ligament

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18
Q

Piriformis Distal?

A

Superior Border of Greater Trochanter (through greater sciatic foramen)

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19
Q

Piriformis Action?

A
  1. Medially rotates the thigh when hip is flexed past 90 degrees
  2. Laterally rotates the thigh when his is flexed less than 90 degrees
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20
Q

Piriformis Nerve?

A

Anterior Rami (S1, S2)

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21
Q

Superior Gemellus Proximal?

A

Ischial Spine

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22
Q

Superior Gemellus Distal?

A

Greater Trochanter (medial surface- Trochanteric Fossa)

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23
Q

Superior Gemellus Action?

A

Laterally rotates thigh (femur)

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24
Q

Superior Gemellus Nerve?

A

Nerve to Obturator Internus (L5, S1)

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25
Obturator Internus Proximal?
Internal surface of Obturator Foramen
26
Obturator Internus Distal?
Medial aspect of Greater Trochanter (through greater sciatic foramen)
27
Obturator Internus Action?
Laterally rotates thigh (femur)
28
Obturator Internus Nerve?
Nerve to Obturator Internus
29
Inferior Gemellus Proximal?
Ischial Tuberosity
30
Inferior Gemellus Distal?
Greater Trochanter (medial surface- Trochanteric Fossa)
31
Inferior Gemellus Action?
Laterally rotates thigh (femur)
32
Inferior Gemellus Nerve?
Nerve to Quadratis Femoris (L5, S1)
33
Obturator Externus Proximal?
External surface of Obturator membrane
34
Obturator Externus Distal?
Trochanteric Fossa of Femur
35
Obturator Externus Action?
Laterally rotates thigh (femur)
36
Obturator Externus Nerve?
Obturator
37
Quadratis Femoris Proximal?
Ischial Tuberosity (lateral border)
38
Quadratis Femoris Distal?
Intertrochanteric Crest (Quadrate Tubercle)
39
Quadratis Femoris Action?
Laterally rotates thigh (femur)
40
Quadratis Femoris Nerve?
Nerve to Quadratis Femoris (L5, S1)
41
Semitendinosus Proximal?
Ischial Tuberosity
42
Semitendinosus Distal?
Superior medial aspect of the Tibial (Pes anserinus)
43
Semitendinosus Action?
1. Extends hip 2. Flexes knee 3. Medially rotates tibia (open chain)
44
Semitendinosus Nerve?
Sciatic Nerve (Tibial division L5, S1, S2)
45
Semimembranosus Proximal?
Ischial Tuberosity
46
Semimembranosus Distal?
Posterior medial tibial condyle
47
Semimembranosus Action?
1. Extends hip 2. Flexes knee 3. Medially rotates tibia (open chain)
48
Semimembranosus Nerve?
Sciatic Nerve (Tibial division L5, S1, S2)
49
Biceps Femoris Proximal?
Long head: Ischial Tuberosity Short head: Lateral lip of Linea Aspera and Supracondylar line of Femur
50
Biceps Femoris Distal?
Lateral Head of Fibula
51
Biceps Femoris Action?
1. Flexes knee 2. Extends hip (long head) 3. Laterally rotates tibia (open chain)
52
Biceps Femoris Nerve?
Long head: Tibial portion of Sciatic Nerve- L5, S1, S2 Short head: Common Fibular Division of Sciatic Nerve L5, S1, S2
53
Triceps Coxae?
1. Superior Gemellus 2. Obturator Internus 3. Inferior Gemellus
54
Main functions of Gluteal muscles?
1. Medial and Lateral rotation 2. Keeping you upright during gait 3. Protecting Femoral neck
55
Main functions of hamstrings?
1. Flexion of leg (extend hip, flex knee)
56
Boundaries of Popliteal Fossa?
Superolateral: Biceps Femoris Superomedial: Semimembranosus Inferolateral: Lateral head of Gastrocnemius Inferomedial: Medial head of Gastrocnemius Floor: Popliteal Femur, posterior knee joint capsule, Popliteus Fascia Roof: skin and Popliteal fascia
57
Contents of Popliteal Fossa?
1. Popliteal Artery and Vein (continuation of Femoral) 2. Tibial and Common Fibular Nerve (continuation of Sciatic) 3. Small Saphenous Vein
58
Sacrotuberous Ligament attachments?
Ischial tuberosity to sacrum
59
Sacrospinous ligament attachments?
Ischial spine to sacrum
60
Greater sciatic foramen boundaries?
Greater sciatic notch and sacrospinous ligament
61
Lesser sciatic foramen boundaries?
sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments
62
Purpose of sacroiliac ligament?
body weight transfers from spine through this ligament to pelvis into the acetabulum to the femur and through the legs
63
Where is the intertrochanteric crest and line located?
crest- posterior | line- anterior
64
Which condyle of the femur and tibia are larger?
medial
65
T/F The Fibula is part of the knee joint.
False
66
Purpose of the fibrocartilage labrum?
- deepens the socket - made of fibrocartilage - resists dislocation
67
What is the ligamentum teres of the femur?
- attaches to head of femur through acetabular fossa - during development there is an artery that runs through which is a branch of Obturator Artery, closes early in development
68
Iliofemoral ligament?
- Y ligament of Bigelow | - two heads attach from Ilium to Intertrochanteric line
69
Pubofemoral ligament?
attaches from pubic ramus to greater trochanter
70
Ischiofemoral ligament?
attaches ischium to greater trochanter
71
Zona orbicularis?
- deep fibers pass circularly around femoral neck | - bursa under neath
72
Nerves of sacral plexus?
- superior gluteal - inferior gluteal - nerve to piriformis - nerve to quadratus femoris - nerve to obturator internus
73
Common Iliac Artery path?
- Branch of Descending Aorta - Branches into Internal and External Iliac 1. Internal Iliac: - Superior Gluteal - Inferior Gluteal - Internal Pudendal 2. External Iliac: - turns into Femoral
74
Pudendal Artery path?
- artery and nerve exit greater sciatic foramen - wrap around sacrospinous ligament - re enter through lesser sciatic foramen
75
Branches of Femoral Artery?
1. Deep Femoral 2. Medial Circumflex 3. Lateral Circumflex
76
Risk of femoral neck fracture?
- lose blood supply of Medial Circumflex to femoral head - lose articular cartilage in joint - avascular necrosis - osteoporosis in joint
77
Biomechanics of gluteal muscle action on femoral neck?
- Tension force on superior femoral neck, compression on inferior (bone stronger under compression) - Gluteus Medius compresses top of neck and creates more compression on bottom to relieve tension stress on top - more cortical bone forms on inferior femoral neck
78
Purpose of Small Saphenous Vein?
drain posterior area of lower leg
79
What is contained in greater sciatic foramen?
Piriformis

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