god whyyyyyy

Question 1

Order Lampriformes

Answer 1

opahs and allies. HIGHLY PROTRUSABLE MOUTHS (both max and premix)

Question 2

Percamorpha: the 9 orders

Answer 2

Lampriformes (opas)
Beryciformes (squirrel fish and allies)
Zeiformes (dories and oreos
Gasterosteiformes (sticklebacks + allies)
Synbranchiformes (
Perciformes (
Tetradontiformes (
Pleuronectiformes (

Question 3

Order Beryciformes

Answer 3

squirrel fishes and their allies. split further into stephanoberyciformes. Grouped together for no real reason other than appearing to be more primitive than perciformes.

Question 4

Order Gasterosteiformes

Answer 4

sticklebacks, tubesnouts, Syngathoidei. mouths small, often armour dermal plates, orbitsnophoid and basibranchial bones absent. MOST GROUPS SHOW ELABORATE MALE PARENTAL CARE.

Question 5

Suborder Gasterosteoidei

Answer 5

Sticklebacks, tubesnouts, sand eels. primarily marine, Northern hemisphere

Question 6

Suborder Syngnathoidei

Answer 6

seamoths, pipefishes, seahorses, trumpetfishes, etc. mostly marine forms, some in brackish waters. few in freshwater. Tropical, subtropical, temperate

Question 7

Order Synbranchiformes

Answer 7

Swamp eels. HIGHLY EVOLVED AIR BREATHERS. TROPICAL/SUBTROPICAL FW.
there appears to be a single transverse slit

Question 8

Order Scorpaeniformes (name the 6 suborders)

also, how are they linked?

Answer 8

• scorpaenoidei
• platycephaloidei
• anoplopomatoidei
• hexagrammaoidei
• cottoidei
• dactylopteroidei

linked by SUBORBITAL STAY (S03)

Question 9

Suborder Scorpaenoidei

Answer 9

rockfishes, scorpionfishes, stonefishes, pigfishes, velvetfishes. marine, brackish, fw. tropical and temperate.

Question 10

Suborder Platycephaloidei

Answer 10

flatheads. marine, brackish, indo-pac.

Question 11

Suborder Anoplopomatoidei

Answer 11

Sablefish/black cod. skilfish. MARINE, NORTH PACIFIC. Anoplopoma fimbria

Question 12

Suborder Hexagrammoidei

Answer 12

greenlings, lingcod, combfishes. marine, N. Pac

Question 13

Suborder Cottoidei

Answer 13

sculpins, poachers, oilfishes, lumpfishes, lumpsuckers. MOSTLY marine. some fw. S

Question 14

Suborder Dactylopteroidei

Answer 14

flying guards. marine trop. one fam.never fly.

Question 15

Order Perciformes

Answer 15

perches. somewhat similar morphologically and remain undefined.

Question 16

Order Pleuronectiformes

Answer 16

flatfishes. young are bilaterally symettrical, but mature to become DEXTRAL (left) or SINISTRAL (right).

Question 17

three suborders of Pleuronectiformes:

Answer 17

• Psettodoidei
• Pleuronectoidei
• Soleoidei

Question 18

Suborder Psettodoidei

Answer 18

spiny turbots. Dorsal fin not past head, spines in anterior part of dorsal and anal fins

Question 19

Suborder Pleuronectoidei

Answer 19

flounders. (left: fam bothidae, right: fam Pleuronectidae). dorsal fin onto the head. no dorsal/anal fins.

Question 20

Suborder Soleoidei

Answer 20

tonguefishes and soles.

Question 21

Tetradontiformes

Answer 21

Triggerfishes and their allies.

ALL MEMBERS LACK PARIETALS, NASALS AND CIRCUMORBITAL BONES.

Question 22

suborder Balistoidei

Answer 22

spikefish, triplespines, leatherjackets, triggerfishes, filefishes, boxfishes, cowfishes, trunkfishes.

Question 23

Suborder Tetradontoidei

Answer 23

puffers, porcupines, molas.

Question 24

Order Gadiformes

Answer 24

cods and their allies. 2-3 dorsal fins, 1-2 anal fins. cycloid scales (usually). chin barbel sometimes.

Question 25

Order Lohiiformes

Answer 25

Anglerfishes. ILLICIUM AND ESCA (line and bait)

Question 26

Order Cyprinidontiformes

Answer 26

killifishes, topminnows, guppies, swordtails, mollies, desert puppies. minnows with teeth. protrusible premax has teeth.

Question 27

Order STEPHANOBERYCIFORMES

Answer 27

pricklefishes, bigscales, melamphids. small group of largely deep sea fishes with large blunt boney heads