Gram - Bacilli (Respiratory) - Treatments

Question 1

Vaccine for Bordetella pertussis?

Answer 1

The DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, acellular Pertussis)

The LPS in the killed vaccine had occasionally deadly consequences, so it is no longer used here.

Question 2

Treatment for Bordetella pertussis?

Answer 2

Erythromycin / Azithromycin (macrolides)

This is in the catarrhal stage. Otherwise, not much point.

Question 3

Is there a vaccine for Haemophilus influenzae?

Answer 3

Yes. It uses the type b PRP (virulence factor). It is conjugated to the diphtheria toxoid (DTaP-Hib).

• For children > 15 months
• 2-15 months will have it conjugated to other proteins

Question 4

Treatment for Haemophilus influenzae?

Answer 4

Amoxycillin (esp. in eardrops)
OR
3rd generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxone)… slightly increased risk of diarrhea

Question 5

Prophylaxis for Haemophilus influenzae?

Answer 5

Rifampin (cross BBB) - for meningitis in epidemic settings, but is controversial

Question 6

Treatment for Haemophilus ducreyi?

Answer 6

Oral SxT or macrolides

Question 7

Treatment for Legionella pneumophila?

Answer 7

Erythromycin / Azithromycin (macrolides)

sometimes + fluoroquinolones