GRAM-NEGATIVE FASTIDIOUS COCCOBACILLI Flashcards
(72 cards)
1
Q
Blood-loving
Normal inhabitant of URT and oral cavity EXCEPT
Nucreii
Non-motile and Non-spore former
A
Haemophilus
2
Q
Haemophilus requires these factors for growth
A
X factor
V factor
3
Q
heat stable; heminia/ hemin
A
X factor
4
Q
heat labile; coenzyme 1 (NAD); supplied by yeast or potato and also STAMP organisms (staphylococci, pneumococci or gonococci)
A
V factor
5
Q
Haemophilus
- ferments ___
- Oxidase and Catalase __
- Preferred incubation:
- Requires ___
A
CHO
(+)
35-37 degC
CO2
6
Q
This grows if there is V factor in Haemophilus
A
Satellite Phenomenon
7
Q
In Haemophilus, Once specimen is received it should be plated within 20 MINUTES; DO grow in McConkey
A
10 MINUTES
DO NOT grow in McConkey
8
Q
- Major cause of Acute epiglottis
- 2nd cause of otitis media
- 3rd cause of meningitis in infants (HIB Haemophilus influenzae type B)
A
Haemophilus influenzae
9
Q
- Normal flora of the upper respiratory tract
- Coccobacilli, encapsulated or small rods
- Common Name: Pfeiffer’s bacillus or Bacillus
influenzae
A
Haemophilus influenzae
10
Q
Haemophilus influenzae
- ____ & beta lactamase
- MOT:
- CAP:
A
encapsulated; (+)
droplets
Dew drop colonies
11
Q
Haemophilus influenzae
- Odor:
- Virulence factors:
A
Mousy odor but in reality it’s not that bad
Capsulated
12
Q
Haemophilus influenzae diseases
A
otitis media, acute epiglottitis, laryngitis, fatal meningitis
13
Q
Haemophilus influenzae 2 categories
A
- Typeable
- Non-typeable
14
Q
capsule based (hib-serotype for meningitis in children)
Quellung test
A
Typeable
15
Q
normal flora in the upper respirator
A
Non-typeable
16
Q
X factor dependent test in H. influenzae
A
Porphyrin Test
17
Q
Culture of H. influenzae (3)
A
CAP
Fides Enriched media
Levinthal, BAP
18
Q
- Rarely associated with endocarditis and pneumonia
- Normal flora of the oral cavity: found in dental plaque
A
H. aphrophilus and H. paraphrophilus
19
Q
- Closely resemble the H. influenzae type 3
- Common Name: Koch-Week’s bacillus
- Long slender rods
- Pink Eye
- Brazilian Purpuric fever (Children)
A
H. aegypticus
20
Q
- Normal flora of mouth and nasopharynx
- Mannose fermentation
A
H. parainfluenzae
21
Q
- Mistaken from S. pyogenes
- Beta hemolysis in BAP
A
H. haemolyticus
22
Q
- Sexually transmitted disease
- Coccobacilli in rows
- Soft chancre
- Painful ulcers in genitalia
A
H. ducreyi
23
Q
H. ducreyi
- ideal specimen:
- Microscopic appearance:
- Incubation period:
A
lymph node aspirates/ exudates
school of red fish, railroad appearance, fingerprint appearance
7 days
24
Q
Lactose fermenter
Opportunistic pathogen
A
HACEK
25
HACEK
- Catalase (-) EXCEPT
- Indole (-) EXCEPT
- Glucose fermenters EXCEPT
A. actinomycetemcomitans
Cardiobacterium hominis
Eikenella corrodens
26
HACEK
- ___ motile
- ___
- Preferred medium:
Non
capnophilis
CAP
27
- Do not require X and V factor
- Foam-loving bacteria
- Oxidase (-)
- Subacute endocarditis
Aggregatibacter aphrophilus (H. aphrophilus)
28
- Destructive/ Juvenile periodontitis
- Normal flora of human oral cavity
- Dots & Dashes Morse Code
- Starlight appearance
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
29
T/F
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is formerly known as Actinobacillus
TRUE
30
- Pleomorphic, rosette formation
- Teardrop appearance
- Infect aortic valves
- Indole (+)
Cardiobacterium hominis
31
Part of gingival and bowel flora
Clenched-fist wounds
Eikenella corrodens (corroding bacilli)
32
Eikenella corrodens (corroding bacilli)
- Odor:
- MOT:
- Oxidase ___
- BAP:
bleach-like
Hematogenous spread from repeated trauma to tongue piercing and ascending vaginal infection
(+)
pitting of agar
33
- BAP: “pitting of agar”
- Short, plump coccobacilli with square ends
- Subacute bacterial endocarditis
Kingella kingae
34
Kingella kingae
- Oxidase __
- Motility:
(-)
twitching
35
- Beta hemolysis
- Tiny fastidious rod, gram variable
- Non-Motile, Non-Encapsulated
- Neonatal sepsis, postpartum bacteremia
Gardnerella vaginalis
36
positive for G. vaginalis; vaginal epithelial spills covered with bacteria (epithelial cells are filled with gram neg rods)
Clue cells
37
diagnosis for bacterial vaginosis (scoring of consistent 7-10)
Nugent Scoring
38
discharge + 10% KOH = fishy or foul-smelling (POSITIVE for G. vaginalis)
Whiff or Sniff test
39
Cytology used for G. vaginalis
PAP's smear
40
Culture for selective medium used for G. vaginalis
colistin - oxolinic acid blood agar
41
Culture for specific medium used for G. vaginalis
V agar
42
Negligence of G. vaginalis may result to
pelvic inflammatory disease or worse barren or female sterility and in pregnancy results to ectopic pregnancy (pagkabaog)
43
Normal flora of Animal
Coccobacilli to long filamentous rods
Safety pin
MOST COMMON type of infection: Wound infection
Pasteurella
44
Pasteurella
- MOT:
- MOST COMMON type of infection:
- _____ anaerobe, ____ Motile
- Oxidase & Catalase
Animal bites
Wound infection
Facultative; non
(+)
45
Pasteurellosis
- ___ motile
- Stain:
- Smell:
- ONPG and Urease
non
bipolar
mushroom
(-)
45
Pasteurellosis
Most important human pathogen
Agent of shipping fever in cattles (haemoragic
septicemia)
P. multocida
46
Coccobacilli, obligate aerobe
Bordetella
47
Bordetella
- NM except
- Oxidase (+) except
- Urease (+) except
B. bronchiseptica
B. parapertussis
B. pertussis
48
Bordetella Growth factors: CMN
- Cysteine
- Methionine
- Nicotinic Acid
49
Bordetella
Virulence factors
pertussis toxin, fimbriae, trachedal cytotoxin, adenylate cyclase
50
Bordetella gram stain:
0.2% basic fuchsin as counter stain to enhance the vidsibility or sometimes safranin (seconds but in bordetella 2 mins)
51
Bordet Gengou bacillus
Minute coccobacill
Strictly aerobic, encapsulated
B. pertussis
52
B. pertussis
- Requires ___ & ___ for growth
- Virulence factor:
- Incubation period:
- Ideal specimen:
cysteine and methionine
pertussis toxin
7-14 days
nasopharyngeal swab (calcium
algenate or bacron?dacron?)
53
It causes acute infection of upper respiratory tract (common in children) in B. pertussis
Whopping cough
54
Culture for B. pertussis
Bordet Gengou media
Jones Kendrick Charcoal Agar
Regan-Lowe medium
55
Culture in B. pertussis that cause colonies to have
mercury droplets or pearl-like colonies
Bordet Gengou media
56
B. pertussis
- Preferred agar
- Transport media (SMC)
CCBA - charcoal cephalexin blood agar
Stuart, Mishullows charcoal, Casamino broth
57
Most sensitive test for B. pertussis
PCR
58
Stages of whooping cough
Catarrhal stage
Paroxysmal stage
Convalescent stage
59
Stages of whooping cough that is characterized by common colds; best time to collect specimen
Catarrhal stage
60
Stages of whooping cough that is characterized by continuous coughing and lasts for 6 week
Paroxysmal stage
61
Stages of whooping cough that lasts for 6 months
Convalescent stage
62
- Large colonies with brown pigment on Bordet Gengou agar
- Pertussis like syndrome (mild)
B. parapertussis
63
Kennel’s coughing (coughing of dogs)
Inhabits respiratory tract of canines
B. bronchiseptica
64
B. bronchiseptica
- ____ urease producer like proteus
- Oxidase ____, motile
Rapid
(+)
65
- BSL level 2
- BSC level 3
- Minute, highly pleomorphic, NM
Francisella tularensis
66
Francisella tularensis
- Requirement for growth
- On BAP:
- Weakly Catalase, Oxidase
- Stain:
cysteine
alpha-hemolytic
(+)
faint bipolar
66
Francisella tularensis diseases
Tularemia - rodents and rabbits
Bloodish sputum and life-threatening pneumonia - humans
67
Francisella tularensis
- Virulence factor:
- MOT:
capsule
Bite from infected tick, deerfly, Handling infected animal carcasses, Breathing in F. tularensis, Ingestion of contaminated food or water
68
susceptibility test (acridine orange to visualize organism) for Francisella tularensis
Forshay test
69
Culture for Francisella tularensis
GCBA - glucose-cysteine-blood agar
PCA - Plate Count agar
70
Drug of choice for Francisella tularensis
streptomycin; alternative: gentamycin
