Grammar 11 | Adjectives

Question 1

declension rules for adjectives

Answer 1

1. adjectives whose stem ends with a consonant (e.g. ἀγαθος): like λογος / ἀρχη / ἐργον
2. adjectives whose stem ends with a vowel (ε or ι or ρ, e.g. ἁγιος): like λογος / ἡμερα / ἐργον

Question 2

irregular declension: πολυς

Answer 2

1. Masculine singular: πολυς (nom.) / πολυν (acc.)
2. Neuter singular: πολυ (nom.) / πολυ (acc.)
3. Other cases: πολλ + regular ending

Question 3

irregular declension: μεγας

Answer 3

1. Masculine singular: μεγας (nom.) / μεγαν (acc.)
2. Neuter singular: μεγα (nom.) / μεγα (acc.)
3. Other cases: μεγαλ + regular ending

Question 4

irregular declension: αἰωνιος

Answer 4

uses masculine form instead of feminine

(i.e. like λογος / λογος / ἐργον)

Question 5

word order for adjectives

(attributive use / with article)

Answer 5

1. article – adjective – noun
   (e. g. ὁ ἀγαθος ἀνθρωπος - the good man)
2. article – noun – article – adjective
   (e. g. ὁ ἀνθρωπος ὁ ἀγαθος - the good man)

Question 6

word order for adjectives

(attributive use / without article)

Answer 6

1. adjective – noun
   (e. g. ἀγαθος ἀνθρωπος - a good man OR a man is good)
2. noun – adjective
   (e. g. ἀνθρωπος ἀγαθος - a good man OR a man is good)

Question 7

word order for adjectives

(predicative use / with article)

Answer 7

1. [article – noun] – verb “to be” – adjective
   (e. g. ὁ ἀνθρωπος ἐστιν ἀγαθος - the man is good)
   (e. g. ἐστιν ἀγαθος - he is good)
2. adjective – verb “to be” – [article – noun]
   (e. g. ἀγαθος ἐστιν ὁ ἀνθρωπος - the man is good)
   (e. g. ἀγαθος ἐστιν - he is good)
3. article – noun – adjective
   (e. g. ὁ ἀνθρωπος ἀγαθος - the man is good)
4. adjective – article – noun
   (e. g. ἀγαθος ὁ ἀνθρωπος - the man is good)

Question 8

word order for adjectives

(predicative use / without article)

Answer 8

1. noun – verb “to be” – adjective
   (e. g. ἀνθρωπος ἐστιν ἀγαθος - a man is good)
2. adjective – verb “to be” – noun
   (e. g. ἀγαθος ἐστιν ἀνθρωπος - a man is good)
3. noun – adjective
   (e. g. ἀνθρωπος ἀγαθος - a man is good OR a good man)
4. adjective – noun
   (e. g. ἀγαθος ἀνθρωπος - a man is good OR a good man)

Question 9

word order for adjectives

(used as nouns)

Answer 9

article – adjective used as noun

(e.g. ὁ ἀγαθος - the good one)