Grammar 17 | Verbs - Building Tenses Flashcards

1
Q

aspect in indicative mood

A
  • present tense:
    • either PROCESS (continuous/repeated)
    • or UNDEFINED (default/punctiliar)
  • future tense: UNDEFINED (default/punctiliar)
  • aorist tense: UNDEFINED (default/punctiliar)
  • imperfect tense: PROCESS (continuous/repeated)
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2
Q

rules for ε + vowel

A
  1. ἐ + ἀ -> ἠ
    (e. g. ἀκουω -> ἠκουον - I was listening)
  2. ἐ + ἐ -> ἠ
    (e. g. ἐγειρω -> ἠγειρον - I was raising)
  3. ἐ + ὀ -> ὠ
    (e. g. ὀφειλω -> ὠφειλον - I was owing)
  4. ἐ + another vowel -> ε disappears
    (e. g. ἰσχυω -> ἰσχυον - I was being strong)
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3
Q

ε + vowel exception

A

ἐχ_ω_ -> εἰχ_ον_ - I was having

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4
Q

rules for ε + diphthong

A
  1. ἐ + αἰ -> ᾐ
    (e. g. αἰτεω -> ᾐτουν - I was requesting)
  2. ἐ + εἰ -> ᾐ
    (e. g. …?)
  3. ἐ + oἰ -> ᾠ
    (e. g. οἰκοδομεω -> ᾠκοδομουν - I was building up)
  4. ἐ + αὐ -> ηὐ
    (e. g. …?)
  5. ἐ + εὐ -> ηὐ (sometimes εὐ)
    (e. g. εὐλογεω -> ηὐλογουν - I was blessing)
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5
Q

ε + diphthong exception

A

εὐχαριστ_ε_ω -> εὐχαριστ_ουν_ - I was giving thanks

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6
Q

consonant groups: dentals

A

τ δ θ ζ

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7
Q

consonant group of τ

A

dentals

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8
Q

consonant group of δ

A

dentals

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9
Q

consonant group of θ

A

dentals

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10
Q

consonant group of ζ

A

dentals

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11
Q

consonant groups: labials

A

π β φ

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12
Q

consonant group of π

A

labials

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13
Q

consonant group of β

A

labials

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14
Q

consonant group of φ

A

labials

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15
Q

consonant groups: gutturals

A

γ κ χ σσ

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16
Q

consonant group of γ

A

gutturals

17
Q

consonant group of κ

A

gutturals

18
Q

consonant group of χ

A

gutturals

19
Q

consonant group of σσ

A

gutturals

20
Q

consonant groups: liquids

A

μ ν ρ λ

21
Q

consonant group of μ

A

liquids

22
Q

consonant group of ν

A

liquids

23
Q

consonant group of ρ

A

liquids

24
Q

consonant group of λ

A

liquids

25
Q

rules for consonants + σ

A
  1. dentals: τ δ θ ζ + σ -> σ
    (e. g. βαπτιζω -> βαπτισω - I will baptise)
  2. labials: π β φ + σ -> ψ
    (e. g. πεμπω -> πεμψω - I will send)
  3. gutturals: γ κ χ σσ + σ -> ξ
    (e. g. ἀνοιγω -> ἀνοιξω - I will open)
26
Q

consonant + σ exceptions

A
  1. κραζ_ω_ -> κραξω - I will cry out
  2. ἀποκαλυπτ_ω_ -> ἀποκαλυψω - I will reveal
  3. διδασκ_ω_ -> διδαξω - I will teach