Grand Theories Flashcards
Wie schaut das Modell der Action Regulation Theory aus?
Wie denkt die Action Regulation Theory Handeln/Action?
The theory conceives action as goal-directed behavior that needs to be cog- nitively regulated.
Action Regulation Theory
Was sind die vier Ebenen der Action Regulation? Welche Action-Typen existieren?
- Sensorimotor or skill level
- level of flexible action patterns
- intellectual level
- heuristic level
Action Regulation Theory
Beschreib das “Sensorimotor or skill level”
stereotyped and automatic movement sequences that are carried out without conscious attention (e.g., typing on a keyboard, shifting gears in the car)
Action Regulation Theory
Beschreib das “level of flexible action patterns”
action schemata that do not require con-scious representation and are tailored to situationally defined parameters (e.g., a res- taurant visit)
Action Regulation Theory
Beschreib das “intellectual level”
conscious regulation of new actions in a complex environment (e.g., solving a math problem or a conflict among employees)
Action Regulation Theory
Beschreib das “heuristic level”
metacognitive strategies, such as general problem-solving approaches that are pursued either consciously or automatically (e.g., always try- ing to identify positive aspects of a challen- ging situation)
Was ist die Kernaussage der Social Cognitive Theory?
learning is influenced by the social context
Social Cognitive Theory
Welche fünf Faktoren beeinflussen Lernen?
- Capabilities to show a behavior
- Replication of other people‘s actions through observational learning
- Internal and external reinforcements
- Outcome expectations
- Self-efficacy
Wie sieht die Social Cognitive Theory Menschen?
Humans proactively shape their environment and development
Social Cognitive Theory
Wann ist Lernen am effektivsten?
Learning is most effective when self-efficacy is high, which can be achieved
Wodurch kann Selbstwirksamkeit zum Beispiel erhöht werden?
- mastery experiences
- vicarious or social modeling of another person that the observer identifies with
- verbal persuasion, which entails encouragement to motivate a person
- positive physical and emotional states that enable someone to learn
Worauf fokussiert sich die Self-Determination Theory?
Focuses on explaining why and when, human behavior is self-determined or intrinsically motivated.
Self-Determination Theory
Welche Aufgaben erhöhen intrinsische Motivation?
Tasks that fulfill the human needs of
* autonomy
* competence and
* relatedness
increase intrinsic motivation.
Self-Determination Theory
Wann können extrinsische Faktoren intrinsiche Motivation verringern?
Extrinsic factors can lower intrinsic motivation if they impede the fulfillment of the below needs:
- autonomy
- competence
- relatedness
Was ist die Kernaussage der Person-Environment Fit Theory?
Characteristics of the person and the environment need to be well matched.