Gravitation and Kepler

Question 1

Describes the amount of resistance an object has to any application of force

Answer 1

Inertial mass

Question 2

The region around the Earth in which objects experience a force due to Earth’s gravity

Answer 2

Gravitation field

Question 3

Suggests that objects attract other objects with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them

Answer 3

Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation

Question 4

Who was the first astronomer to propose that the Sun is the center of the solar system

Answer 4

Nicholas Copernicus

Question 5

Who believed that all planets except Earth orbit the Sun

Answer 5

Tycho Brahe

Question 6

Who used huge instruments he built himself to record the exact positions of the planets and stars

Answer 6

Tycho Brahe

Question 7

Who used 30 years worth of observations made by other scientist and concluded that the planets orbit the Sun

Answer 7

Kepler

Question 8

Who proposed that the force exerted on a planet by the Sun is inversely proportional to the distance between centers of the planet and the Sun

Answer 8

Newton

Question 9

Who discovered that the shape of a Planet’s prbit is an ellipse

Answer 9

Copernicus

Question 10

Who was the first to theorize that the force that makes objects fall to Earth is the same force that the Sun exerts on the planets

Answer 10

Newton

Question 11

Who used geometry and mathematics to discover his three laws of planetary motion

Answer 11

Kepler

Question 12

Which one of Kepler’s law: Relates the motion of more than one object about a single body

Answer 12

Third

Question 13

Which one of Kepler’s law: Describes the shape of the planets’ orbit

Answer 13

First

Question 14

Which one of Kepler’s law: States that the SUn is located at one focus of a planet’s orbit

Answer 14

First

Question 15

Which one of Kepler’s law: States that an imaginary line drawn from a planet to the Sun will sweep out equal areas in equal time intervals

Answer 15

Second

Question 16

Action of feeling or showing sorrow and regret for having done wrong

Answer 16

Penitence

Question 17

Period after the Black Death where European culture, artistic, political, and economic “rebirth”

Answer 17

Renaissance

Question 18

Where the Sun is the center of the Solar System

Answer 18

Heliocentricity

Question 19

Where the Earth is the center of the Solar System

Answer 19

Geocentricity

Question 20

A fixed or moveable habitation, typically of light construction

Answer 20

Tabernacle

Question 21

A typical example or pattern of something; a model

Answer 21

Paradigm

Question 22

Unconsciousness or incapacity resulting from cerebral hemorrhage or stroke

Answer 22

Apoplexy

Question 23

To be unchanging overtime or unable to be changed

Answer 23

Immutable

Question 24

The motion of a projectile has both _______ and _______ components

Answer 24

horizontal, vertical

Question 25

A projectile fired horizontally will accelerate toward Earth at a rate of

Answer 25

-9.8 m/s

Question 26

If the magnitude of the ______ component of a projectile’s motion is great enough, the projectile will fall to Earth at the same rate that Earth curves away from the projectile

Answer 26

Horizontal

Question 27

A projectile fired horizontally from less than 150 km above the surface of Earth will fall back to Earth no matter how fast it is traveling because of

Answer 27

Air Resistance

Question 28

An object that falls to Earth at the same rate that Earth curves away from the object is said to be in orbit

Answer 28

orbit

Question 29

The effect of mass on space

Answer 29

Curvature

Question 30

The effect of gravity on light

Answer 30

Deflection

Question 31

Einstein thought gravity was an

Answer 31

Effect of space

Question 32

An object so dense that light leaving the object is bent back on itself

Answer 32

Black Hole

Question 33

Predicts the effects of gravity

Answer 33

General theory of relativity

Question 34

Allows us to picture gravity acting at a distance

Answer 34

Gravitational field

Question 35

Newton’s law of universal gravitation allows us to calculate the ______ force that exists between two bodies because of their mass

Answer 35

gravitational

Question 36

Einstein proposed that gravity is not a _____ but rather an effect of _____ itself

Answer 36

force, space

Question 37

According to Einstein, the mass of a body changes the _____ around it

Answer 37

space

Question 38

____ causes space to be curved, and other bodies are accelerated because of the way they follow this curved space

Answer 38

mass

Question 39

According to Einstein theory of _______, if an object is massive and dense enough, any light it emits is actually bent back to the object

Answer 39

relativity

Question 40

What’s the difference between gravitational and inertial mass

Answer 40

gravitational mass: describes the force on an object in a gravitational field
inertial mass: measured by measuring an object’s resistance to changes in velocity

Question 41

Which scientist developed an experiment to measure G, using lead spheres and a very thin wire? Why is the experiment valuable?

Answer 41

Henry Cavendish developed an experiment to measure G, he found the Universal gravitational constant of Earth

Question 42

Kepler’s First Law

Answer 42

States that the path of the planets are ellipses, with the Sun at one focus

Question 43

Kepler’s Second Law

Answer 43

States that an imaginary line from the Sun to a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal time intervals

Question 44

Kepler’s Third Law

Answer 44

States that the gravitational force between only two objects is directly proportional to the square of the distance between their centers

Question 45

What’s the difference between g and G

Answer 45

Little g is acceleration due to gravity, Big G is the universal constant