Thermo/States of Matter

Question 1

Thermal Conduction

Answer 1

The transfer of thermal energy when particles collide

Question 2

Thermal Equilibrium

Answer 2

State in which the rates of thermal energy transfer between two objects are equal and the objects are at the same temperature

Question 3

Specific Heat

Answer 3

Amount of energy needed to add to a material to raise the temperature of a unit mass by one temperature unit

Question 4

Heat Engine

Answer 4

A device that is able to continuously convert thermal energy to mechanical energy

Question 5

Heat

Answer 5

A transfer of thermal energy

Question 6

Entropy

Answer 6

A measure of the dispersal of energy

Question 7

Fluids

Answer 7

Materals that can flow and have no definite shape of their own

Question 8

Plasma

Answer 8

A gas-like state of (-) charged electrons and (+) charged ions. Another state of matter

Question 9

Where is plasma found?

Answer 9

Stars, lighting bolts, neon signs, and fluorescent bulbs

Question 10

What is the heat equation

Answer 10

Q=mCdeltaT

Question 11

What is the unit for Q

Answer 11

Joules

Question 12

What is the unit for m

Answer 12

kg

Question 13

What is the unit for C

Answer 13

J/kg x k

Question 14

What is the unit for Delta T

Answer 14

Kelvin

Question 15

What is the equation for pressure

Answer 15

P=Force/area

Question 16

What is P written in

Answer 16

Pascals (Pa)

Question 17

What is area written in

Answer 17

m^2

Question 18

What is different between the heat of fusion and the heat of vaporization

Answer 18

Heat of Fusion is the transition between the freezing and melting point and Heat of Vaporization is the transition from liquid to vaporization and back

Question 19

Convection

Answer 19

Heating caused by the motion of fluid in liquid or gas due to temperature differences (Oven)

Question 20

Radiation

Answer 20

Transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves (Sun)

Question 21

Conduction

Answer 21

Heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance when there is a difference in temperature. Travel through a medium

Question 22

When was the first steam engine built

Answer 22

the 18th century

Question 23

When does entropy increase

Answer 23

When there’s more heat (temp increase)

Question 24

What happens to entropy in a system if thermal energy is removed

Answer 24

The temperature will decrease.

Question 25

Name three things that use an internal combustion engine

Answer 25

Vehicles, boats, airplanes, trains

Question 26

What is unit for heat, work, and energy

Answer 26

Joules

Question 27

WHat is generated in heat engines

Answer 27

They continuously convert thermal energy to mechanical energy

Question 28

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 28

In an uncontrolled system, when energy is able to disperse, the energy always spreads to a stable states

Question 29

How are entropy and energy crisis related

Answer 29

Waste heat is always generated, dispersing thermal energy beyond the engine. Even an ideal engine were to be built, wate heat would still be there

Question 30

Why does ice float

Answer 30

Ice is less dense than water

Question 31

Cohesion

Answer 31

Forces of attraction that like particles exert on one another

Question 32

Adhesion

Answer 32

Attractive forces that act between particles of different substances

Question 33

Viscoity

Answer 33

A measure of its resistance to deform at a given rate Thickness in a liquid is an example

Question 34

Unit of specific heat

Answer 34

J/kg x K

Question 35

Unit of heat

Answer 35

Q

Question 36

Unit of entropy

Answer 36

S

Question 37

Unit of Kelvin

Answer 37

K

Question 38

Unit of degree Celsiujs

Answer 38

C

Question 39

Unit of energy change

Answer 39

Delta E

Question 40

Unit of temperature change

Answer 40

Delta T

Question 41

According to the second law of thermodynamics, natural process go in the direction that _____ the total entropy of the system

Answer 41

maintains or increases

Question 42

The total increase in the thermal energy of a system is the heat affef to it must the _____ done by it

Answer 42

work

Question 43

A heat pump

Answer 43

transfers heat into and out of the house depending on the season

Question 44

The form of heat transfer that takes place in a house heated by forced I=air is primarily

Answer 44

conevection

Question 45

Natural processes tend to move toward greater

Answer 45

order

Question 46

Pressure is the ratio of force to the ____ over which it is applied

Answer 46

area

Question 47

A rock will sink in water because its ___ is greater than that of water

Answer 47

density

Question 48

The SI unit of pressure is

Answer 48

pascal

Question 49

The difference in pressure between the top and bottom of a submerged object produces a force known as

Answer 49

buoyancy

Question 50

According to pascals principle, any change on a confined fluid

Answer 50

is transmitted unchanged throughout the fluid

Question 51

A fluid is a substance that

Answer 51

has no definite shape

Question 52

As the temperature of a sample of liquid water is increased from a starting point of -1 C, the volume of the water initially ____

Answer 52

decreases

Question 53

The pressure exerted by a column of liquid is independent of the ____

Answer 53

shape of the container

Question 54

First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 54

energy cannot be created nor destroyed

Question 55

Third Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 55

all process cease as temperature approaches absolute zero

Question 56

Zeroth Law

Answer 56

If each of two systems is in equilibrium with the third system, the first two are in equilibrium with each other

Question 57

Who was Archimedes

Answer 57

FIgured out the value of pi and the volume of a sphere

Question 58

What was Archimedes called

Answer 58

"father of integral calculus"

Question 59

Archimedean Principle

Answer 59

If an object weighs more than the fluid it displaces, it will sink, if it weighs less than the fluid it displaces, it will float.

Question 60

Solid to liquid

Answer 60

Melting

Question 61

Liquid to solid

Answer 61

Freezing (solidification)

Question 62

Liquid to gas

Answer 62

Evaporation

Question 63

Gas to liquid

Answer 63

Condensation

Question 64

Solid to gas

Answer 64

Sublimation (dry ice)

Question 65

Gas to solid

Answer 65

Doposition