Gross Anatomy Flashcards
(181 cards)
1
Q
Structure directly posterior to the thymus
A
Left brachiocephalic vein
2
Q
Pancoast tumor in the left with decreased radial pulse
A
Left subclavian Artery
3
Q
Closes patent ductus arteriosus
A
Increase in oxygen tension
4
Q
Acute IM of IV septum.
What is the occluded vessel?
A
Left Anterior Descending Artery
5
Q
Male factors of gonad development
A
TDF
testosterone
MIF
6
Q
Local of implantation of tubal ectopic pregnancy
A
Ampulla
7
Q
Syncytiotrophobalst has mitotic activity?
A
NO!!
8
Q
Layers of epiderm
A
Basal Spinosum Granulosum Lucidum Corneum
9
Q
Anti desmossomal
Painful blisters
Oropharynx
Hyperpigmentation
A
Pemphigus vulgaris
10
Q
Anti hemidesmossomal
Widespread blisters
Pruritus
No mucosa
A
Pemphigus bullous
11
Q
Treatment of pemphigus
A
Corticosteroids
12
Q
Kartagener syndrome
A
Absence of dynein
Imotile cilia
13
Q
Gastroschisis
A
Failure of lateral body folds
Exit body wall in the amniotic cavity
14
Q
Inhibits microtubule assembly
A
Colchicine
15
Q
Location of lumbar puncture
A
L4 L5
16
Q
Supra ventricular sentinel nodes
A
Metastasis below the diaphragm
17
Q
Thoracocentesis
A
Midaxilary line between 9th and 10th rib
18
Q
Last layer pierced by needle
A
Parietal pleura
19
Q
Main bronchus of aspiration of foreign body
A
Right
20
Q
Murmur of patent ductus arteriosus
A
Machine-like murmur
21
Q
Primitive layer of gut tube
A
Endoderm
22
Q
Boundries of hellselbach triangle
A
Lateral: inferior epigastric vein
Medial: rectus abdominalis muscle
Inferior: inguinal ligament
23
Q
Boundries of femoral triangle
A
Inguinal canal
Adductor longus
Femoral vein
24
Q
Arterial supply of foregut
A
Celiac artery
25
Arterial supply mindgut
Superior mesenteric
26
Arterial supply of hindgut
Inferior mesenteric
27
Referred pain of foregut
Epigastrium
28
Referred pain of midgut
Umbilical
29
Referred pain of hindgut
Hypogastrium
30
Layer origin of the spleen
Mesoderm
31
Arterial supply of duodenum
Celiac + superior mesenteric
32
Arterial supply of the spleen
Celiac artery
33
Arterial supply of transverse colon
Superior + inferior mesenteric
34
Arterial supply of jejunum
Superior mesenteric
35
Arterial supply of the liver
Celiac artery
36
Parasympathetic innervation of the gallbladder
Vagis nerve
37
Contents of hepatoduodenal ligament
Common bile duct
Proper hepatic artery
Hepatic portal vein
38
Ulcer in posterior abdomen wall where the stomach content will go first
Omental bursa
39
Faulty ventral bud rotation of the pancreas
Annular pancreas
40
Annular pancreas OB complication
Polyhydramnio
41
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis presentation
Projectile, non bilious vomiting
| “Olive” at the right costal margin
42
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis OB complication
Polyhydramnios
43
Duodenal atresia OB complication
Polyhydramnios
44
Presentation of infant with duodenal atresia
Bile-containing vomitus
| Distended stomach
45
Name of the sign when there is annular pancreas + duodenal atresia
Double bubble sign
46
Which syndrome is most common to see duodenal atresia?
Down’s syndrome
47
Omphalocele herniates through ________ of the umbilical ring
| Gastroschisis herniates through ______ of the umbilical ring
Directly; right
48
What protein elevates in omphalocele and gastroschisis
Alfa feto protein
49
Location of Meckel Diverticulum
2 feet from the ileocecal junction
50
Hirschsprung’s disease
Colonic Aganglionosis
51
Where in the gut tube Colonic aganglionosis affects
Hindgut
52
Colonic Aganglionosis presentation
Loss of peristalsis
Immobility of hindgut
Fecal retention
Megacolon
53
Tetralogy of Fallot presentation
Pulmonary stenosis
Membranous IV septal defect
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Overriding aorta
54
High blood pressure in head/neck and upper limbs with low blood pressure in lower limbs (low pulse)
Coarctation of the aorta
55
Tricuspid stenosis
Diastolic murmur
56
Tricuspid insufficiency
Systolic murmur
57
Mitral stenosis
Diastolic murmur
58
Mitral insufficiency
Systolic murmur
59
Pulmonary stenosis
Systolic murmur
60
Aortic stenosis
Systolic murmur
61
Pulmonary insufficiency
Diastolic murmur
62
Aortic insufficiency
Diastolic murmur
63
Layer of IV septum
Neural crest cells
64
Late cyanosis heart defect
Ventricular septal defect
65
Cyanotic congenital heart defects (3)
Tetralogy of fallot
Transposition of great vessels
Tricuspid atresia
66
Transposition of great vessels
Aorta arises from right ventricle
Pulmonary trunk arises from left ventricle
Other heart defects
67
Maternal pathology associated with transposition of great vessels
Diabetic (type 1)
68
Left coronary artery branches
Anterior descending interventricular
| Circumflex artery
69
Diaphragm hiatus (and places)
Inferior vena cava (T8)
Esophagus (T10)
Aorta (T12)
I 8 10 eggs at 12
70
Layer of gut tube
Endoderm
71
Regulates peristalsis
Auerbach’s plexus
72
Celiac trunk branches
Left gastric artery
Splenic artery
Common hepatic artery
73
Blood supply greater curvature of stomach
Right and left gastroepiploic
74
Gastroduodenal artery is branch of where?
Common hepatic artery
75
Gastroepiploic artery perforation, where will the blood goes?
Greater omentum
76
Blood supply lesser curvature of stomach
Left gastric artery
77
Blood supply of fundus of stomach
Gastric arteries (splenic artery branches)
78
Posterior duodenal wall ulcer affects which artery?
Gastroduodenal
79
Blood supply of appendix
Ileocolic artery
80
Blood supply ascending colon
Right colic artery
81
Proximal 2/3 transverse blood supply
Middle colic artery
82
Distal 1/3 transverse colon blood supply
Left colic artery
83
Sudden blood pressure drop will cause bowel ischemia where
Splenic flexure
84
Portocaval anastomosis
Wall of esophagus
Wall of anal canal
Capital Medusa
85
Layer of kidney and ureter
Mesoderm
86
What induces the definitive kidney ?
Mesonephric duct (ureterite bud)
87
Layer of bladder and urethra
Endoderm
88
Potter’s sequence
Clubbed feet
Pulmonary hypoplasia
Craniofacial anormalities
89
Patent urachus clinical
Urine drainage in the umbilicus
90
3 sites of ureteral blockage
Renal pelvis joins ureter
Ureter crosses the pelvic inlet
Ureter enters the wall of the urinary bladder
91
Gene of ovary induction
Wnt4
92
Garthner cyst
Mesonephric duct degenerates
93
Cause of female ambiguous genitalia
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
94
Cause of male ambiguous genitalia
5 alfa reductase 2 deficiency
95
Innervation of serratus anterior
Long thoracic nerve
96
Nerve and muscle responsible of thumb opposition
Median nerve and thenar compartiment
97
Flex metacarpalphalangeal joint muscle
Lumbricals
98
Lumbricals of digits 2 and 3
Median nerve
99
Extend interphalangeal muscles
Median nerve
100
Split fingers
Ulnar
101
Lumbricals digit 4 and 5
Ulnar nerve
102
Hypothenar compartiment
Ulnar nerve
103
Abduction of the arm after 15o
Deltoid
104
Innervation of deltoid
Axilary
105
Abduction of the arm 0-15o
Supraspinatus
106
Teres minor innervation
Axilary
107
Wrist pronation
Median
108
Thumb extension
Radial nerve
109
Extension of MP joint
Radial nerve
110
Rotator cuff muscles
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
111
Innervation latissimus dorso
Thoracodorsal
112
Sensory lateral forearm
Musculocutaneous
113
Sensory medial forearm
Ulnar
114
Supination of arm
Musculocutaneous
115
Upper trunk lesion
Erb Duchenne Palsy
116
Lower trunk lesion
Klumpke’s palsy
117
Ape hand
Median nerve lesion
| Can’t oppose thumb
118
Mid shaft humerus fracture
Radial nerve
119
Saturday night palsy
Radial nerve at axilla
120
Supracondylar fracture of humerus
Median nerve
121
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Median
122
Fracture of hook of hamate
Ulnar nerve
123
Fracture of surgical neck of humerus
Axillary
124
Winged scapula
Long thoracic nerve
125
May be injuried by mastectomy
Long thoracic nerve
126
Artery affected in supracondylar fracture
Brachial artery
127
Artery injuried in surgical neck of humerus fracture
Posterior humeral circumflex artery
128
Mid shaft of humerus artery affected
Deep brachii artery
129
Most fracture wrist bone
Scaphoid
130
Most dislocated wrist bone
Lunates
131
Extend knee
| Flex hip
Femoral nerve
132
Adduct thight
Obturator
133
Flex knee
| Extend thigh
Tibial nerve
134
Plantar flexion
Tibial
135
Inversion of foot
Tibial
136
Dorsiflexion
Deep fibular
137
Eversion of foot
Superficial fibular
138
Abduct hip
Superior gluteal
139
Extension of hip
Inferior gluteal
140
Tremdelenburg gait
Superior gluteal
141
Sensory loss medial thigh
Obturator
142
Sensory loss anterior thigh, medial leg and foot
Femoral
143
Not able to be on tip of the toe
Tibial
144
Foot drop
Deep fibular
145
Altered sensation of dorsum of the foot
Common fibular nerve
146
Artery lesioned by neck of the femur fracture
Medial circumflex femoral
147
Anterior drawer sign
Lesion anterior cruciate
148
Posterior drawer sign
Posterior cruciate
149
Cause of thoracic outlet syndrome
Pancoast tumor
150
Thoracic outlet syndrome compress
Brachial plexus and subclavian artery
151
Thoracic outlet syndrome clinical
Horner’s syndrome
| Hoarseness
152
Epidural hematoma main branch affected
Middle meningeal artery
153
Horner’s syndrome
Myosis
Ptosis
Anhidrosis
154
Pharyngeal pouches layer
Endoderm
155
Pharyngeal pouche 1 nerve
V
156
Pharyngeal pouche 2 nerve
VII
157
Pharyngeal pouch 3 nerve
IX
158
Pharyngeal pouch 4 nerve
X
159
Pharyngeal pouch 5 nerve
X
160
Remanescentes of pharyngeal clefts
External auditory meatus
161
What structure is formed at lateral board of pharyngeal pouch 1 and medial board of cleft 1?
Tympanic membrane
162
DiGeorge sequence cause
Failure of Pharyngeal pouches 3 and 4
163
DiGeorge Sequence
```
CATCH 22
Cardiac abnormality
Abnormal faces
Thymic aplasia
Cleft palate
Hypocalcemia
Hypoparathyroidism
```
164
Chromosome mutation of DiGeorge sequence
22
165
What are the two first arch syndrome?
Treacher Collins
| Robin sequence
166
Treacher Collins
```
Mandibular hypoplasia
Zygomatic hypoplasia
Down-slanted pálpebras fissures
Colobomas
Malformated ears
```
167
Robin sequence
Poor mandibular growth
Cleft palate
Posterior tonge
168
Epidural hematoma clinic
Momentary loss of conscious
Lucid period
Mass effect
169
Subdural hematoma image
Crescent shape
170
Who produces MIF
Sertoli cells
171
Gastroesplenic ligament
Connects greater curvature to spleen
Short gastric arteries
Left gastroepiploic vessels
172
Left renal vein is _____ the right (longer/shorter)
Longer
173
Causes klumpke’s palsy
Excessive abduction of the arm
174
Superior trunk brachial plexus
C5-C6
175
Middle trunk brachial plexus
C6-C7
176
Inferior trunk brachial plexus
C8-T1
177
Roots of long thoracic nerve
C5-C7
178
Movement of serratus anterior
Abduct arm beyond 90 degrees
179
Anal canal below pectinate line and scrotum lymph drainage
Superficial inguinal lymphonodes
180
Lymph drainage to testes and ovaries
Deep para-aortic plexus
181
Wrist extension
Radial nerve
