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EXAM 1 review > Gross anatomy I, II > Flashcards

Gross anatomy I, II Flashcards

1
Q

“Mid Sagittal”
equal R and L sides
passes vertically through midlines

A

median plane

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2
Q

vertically through body parallel to median plan
“para sagittal”
unequal R and L

A

sagittal planes

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3
Q

frontal coronal planes

A

divide into front and back anterior and posterior parts

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4
Q

transverse plane

A

pass horizontally through the body
divide body into upper/ lower (superior and inferior parts)

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5
Q

True or False
L side of image is pts R side

A

T

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6
Q

condyle

A

rounded knuckle like articular area often occuring in pairs

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7
Q

epicondyle

A

eminence superioir or adjacent to a condyle

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7
Q

crest

A

ridge of bone

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7
Q

facet

A

smooth flat area usually covered with cartilage where a bone articulates with another bone

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7
Q

foramen

A

opening or hole through a bone

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8
Q

fossa

A

shallow depression

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8
Q

notch

A

indentation usually at the edge of the bone

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9
Q

process

A

projection or outgrowth of the bone

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10
Q

tubercle

A

small rounded bony projection

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11
Q

trochanter

A

body projections found in the proximal femur (greater and lesser trochanter)

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12
Q

tuberosity

A

roughened elevation

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13
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

right ventricle
oxygenated blood

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14
Q

right ventricle

A

receives oxygen poor blood

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15
Q

oxygenated blood

A

returned to left atrium

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16
Q

systemic circulation

A

left ventricle : moves blood to the periphery of the body through systemic arteries

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17
Q

oxygen poor blood returns to the

A

right atrium

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18
Q

arteries

A

thick smooth muscles layer
high in oxygen

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19
Q

3 types of arteries

A

large elastic
medium muscular
small arteries and arterioles

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20
Q

most named arteries

A

medium muscular arteries

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21
Q

capillaries

A

form capillary beds
exchange of oxygen nutrients waste products and other substances with the ECF

22
Q

veins

A

low oxygen
thin walls that allow for expansion

23
Q

3 types of veins

A
24
Q

venules and small veins

A
25
Q

medium veins

A

drain venous plexus
superficials veines like cephalic and basiclic

26
Q

large veins

A

vena cava

27
Q

venae comitantes

A

veins that accompany deep arteries

28
Q

anastomeses

A

provides collateral circulation
communication between two or more seperate branches of an artery

29
Q

arteries

A

carry blood away from heart

30
Q

veins

A

carry blood towards heart

31
Q

sentinel nodes

A

nodes that are the first to drain cancerous organs

32
Q

cranial nerves

A

extensions of the brain

33
Q

dorsal rami

A

cutaneous sensation of the back (skin of the back) motor fuunchtion to muscles of back

34
Q

PNS (peripheral nervous system)

A

cell body clusters are called ganglion/ganglia

35
Q

CNS (Central nervous system)

A

cell body clusters are called nucleus . nuclei

36
Q

dendrites

A

recieve info

37
Q

axon

A

sends info

38
Q

the dorsal root ganglion contains only ___ info

A

sensory

39
Q

spinal nerves contain both ___ and ___ info

A

motor and sensory

40
Q

dorsal ramus (posterior ramus)

A

comes off the spinal nerve and heads to posterior body
intrinsic muscles of back and skin of back

41
Q

ventral ramus (anterioir ramus)

A

continues from spinal nerve - supplies everything else (for the most part)

42
Q

official end of the spinal cord

A

conus medularis

43
Q

pattern where spinal nerves continue to provide skin innervation in a sequential pattern

A

dermatomes

44
Q

two branches of autonomic nervous system

A

Sympathetic (SNS) and Parasympathetic (PSNS)

45
Q

PSNS

A

rest and digest

46
Q

fight or flight

A

SNS

47
Q

neurons that travel along the ___ root are ___ neurons

A

ventral root are motor neurons

48
Q

neurons that travel along the ____root are ____

A

dorsal root are sensory neurons

49
Q

Preganglionic fiber

A

nerve fibers that have not synapsed at a ganglia

50
Q

postganglionic fiber

A

nerve fibers that have synapsed at a ganglia and are continuing to targer organ/destination

51
Q

where are nuclei for the SNS located?

A

In the lateral horn (T1-L2)

52
Q

know how SNS flow

A
53
Q

gray ramus communicans extend the entirety of the spinal cord while white ramus communicans only reach from _____

A

T1-L2

54
Q

splanchnic nerve fibers synapse in the ___

A

prevertebral ganglia

55
Q

preganglioninc PSNS neurons travel along the ___

A

pelvic splanchnics

56
Q

Intramural ganglion

A

within the walls of the target organ

57
Q

TLDR

A

the preganglionic fibers for the PSNS are very long and eventually synapse directly onto the target organ

58
Q
A

EXAM 1 review (15 decks)

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