Gross Anatomy of Resp System Flashcards
(34 cards)
5 parts of the pulmonary hilum
- Mainstem bronchi
- Pulmonary artery
- Pulmonary vein
- Pulmonary nerves
- Lymphatic vessels
Which pleura contains nerve endings and blood flow?
parietal
Normal pleural fluid amount
5-15 ml
What can cause pleurisy? (3)
bacterial pneumonias, fungal infections, TB
What usually causes chylothorax?
trauma to neck/thorax or cancer that occludes the thoracic duct
Where are the bases of the lung?
R = 5-6th rib L = 6th rib
Where is the inferior border of the lung posteriorly?
T9-T12 depending on phase of ventilation
How many pairs of ribs are there?
12
Which ribs are true ribs?
ribs 1-7
Which ribs are false ribs?
ribs 8-12
Which ribs are floating ribs?
ribs 11-12
Primary muscles of inspiration (3)
- Diaphragm
- External intercostals
- Scalenes
Accessory muscles of inspiration (2)
- Sternocleidomastoids
2. Pectoralis major and minor
Accessory muscles of expiration (5)
- rectus abdominus
- transverse abdominis
- external obliques
- internal obliques
- internal intercostals
What is the diaphragm innervated by?
phrenic nerve
Where does the diaphragm’s blood supply come from ?
phrenic arteries, intercostal arteries
What separates the diaphragm into left and right?
central tendon
Normal diaphragmatic excursion:
1-2 cm
Diaphragmatic excursion on forced inspiration:
10 cm
3 Major openings in the diaphragm’s dome:
- Aortic hiatus
- Esophageal hiatus
- Vena caval foramen
External intercostals are innervated by:
intercostal nerves, T1-T11
What type of pressure does a Mueller Maneuver generate?
Negative
Normal range for MIP female
≥ 75 cmH2O ± 25 cmH2O
What level are the accessory muscles innervated at?
C2-C7
