Larynx

Question 1

the larynx is at the level of the:

Answer 1

4th-6th C spine

Question 2

the larynx is attached to the ______ bone

Answer 2

hyoid

Question 3

Paired laryngeal cartilages:

Answer 3

1. Arytenoids
2. Corniculates
3. Cuneiforms

Question 4

Unpaired laryngeal cartilages:

Answer 4

1. Epiglottis
2. Thyroid
3. Cricoid

Question 5

Laryngeal ligaments:

Answer 5

thyrohyoid and cricothyroid

Question 6

What is the epiglottis attached to? (3)

Answer 6

1. hyoid bone
2. thyroid cartilage
3. base of tongue

Question 7

What is the largest laryngeal cartilage?

Answer 7

thyroid

Question 8

Which cartilage’s posterior portion is open?

Answer 8

thyroid

Question 9

The most inferior laryngeal cartilage:

Answer 9

cricoid

Question 10

The cricoid cartilage is shaped like:

Answer 10

a signet ring

Question 11

The thyroid cartilage is shaped like:

Answer 11

a shield

Question 12

The only complete laryngeal ring:

Answer 12

cricoid

Question 13

Smallest portion of the upper airway in a child/infant:

Answer 13

cricoid

Question 14

Smallest portion of the upper airway in an adult:

Answer 14

glottis/vocal cords

Question 15

Extrinsic laryngeal muscles origin/insertion and function:

Answer 15

• insert on the larynx, origin is elsewhere

- moves the larynx as a whole

Question 16

Intrinsic laryngeal muscles origin/insertion and function:

Answer 16

• origin and insertion are on larynx

- vocal cord length and tension, regulation of laryngeal inlet shape

Question 17

2 pairs of ligaments inside the larynx:

Answer 17

vocal folds

Question 18

Upper pair of vocal folds:

Answer 18

Vestibular fold = False vocal cords. No role in speech

Question 19

Lower pair of vocal folds:

Answer 19

Vocal fold = True vocal cords

Question 20

What color are the vocal folds and why?

Answer 20

“white” due to lack of blood flow

Question 21

Glottis is made up of the: (2)

Answer 21

rima glottidis + vocal cords

Question 22

Motor innervation of the larynx: (3)

Answer 22

1. branches of the vagus nerve (CN#10)
2. right and left recurrent laryngeal nerves
3. superior laryngeal nerves

Question 23

Sensory innervation of the larynx: (2)

Answer 23

1. Vagus nerve (CN#10)

2. Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN#9)

Question 24

Vasovagal reflex occurs due to:

Answer 24

stimulation of parasympathetic receptors in the airway by inhaled irritants or mechanical stimulation

Question 25

Vasovagal reflex results in: (4)

Answer 25

1. Laryngospasm 2. Bronchoconstriction 3. Hyperpnea 4. Bradycardia

Question 26

Stages of swallowing: (3)

Answer 26

1. Oropharyngeal 2. Pharyngeal 3. Esophageal